The precise efficacy of nucleoside analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in preventing and inhibiting virus replication remains unknown in RT-SHIV infected Chinese-origin rhesus macaques (Ch RM).
Authors: Wei Wang, Nan Yao, Zhe Cong, Hong Jiang, Chuan Qin and Qiang Wei
Long and short term side effects of antiretroviral drugs are not fully understood yet. Here a case of reversible blood count changes following post exposure prophylaxis with tenofovir/emtricitabin and lopinavi...
Authors: Benjamin T Schleenvoigt, John P Fobiwe, Peter M Keller, Stefan Hagel and Mathias W Pletz
A peer-reviewed journal would not survive without the generous time and insightful comments of the reviewers whose efforts often go unrecognized. AIDS Research and Therapy is very grateful for the support of high...
Prior studies have suggested that HAART initiation may vary by race/ethnicity. Utilizing the U.S. military healthcare system, which minimizes confounding from healthcare access, we analyzed whether timing of H...
Authors: Erica N Johnson, Mollie P Roediger, Michael L Landrum, Nancy F Crum-Cianflone, Amy C Weintrob, Anuradha Ganesan, Jason F Okulicz, Grace E Macalino and Brian K Agan
An increasing number of people on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa has led to declines in HIV related morbidity and mortality. However, virologic failure (VF) and acquired drug resistance (AD...
Authors: Amin S Hassan, Helen M Nabwera, Shalton M Mwaringa, Clare A Obonyo, Eduard J Sanders, Tobias F Rinke de Wit, Patricia A Cane and James A Berkley
Hypogonadism is common among HIV-infected men, even among men receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our objective in this study was to determine the prevalence of biochemical hypogonadism among HIV-infected ...
Authors: Anne K Monroe, Adrian S Dobs, Frank J Palella, Lawrence A Kingsley, Mallory D Witt and Todd T Brown
This study assesses the relationships between lymphocyte and monocyte subsets and intelligence quotient (IQ) scores in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive, HIV-infected Thai children without advanced HIV disease.
Authors: Jintanat Ananworanich, Torsak Bunupuradah, Tanakorn Apornpong, Pope Kosalaraksa, Rawiwan Hansudewechakul, Suparat Kanjanavanit, Chaiwat Ngampiyaskul, Jurai Wongsawat, Wicharn Luesomboon, Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong, Tanyathip Jaimulwong, Stephen J Kerr, Pim Brouwers, William T Shearer and Thanyawee Puthanakit
Disclosing HIV serostatus is important for HIV prevention and maintenance of health for people living with HIV their spouses and the community, it plays a role in the social relation which is critical in reduc...
Authors: Gladys Yonah, Francis Fredrick and Germana Leyna
Central nervous system involvement in AIDS patients can present at any stage of the disease. Brain lesions detected in imaging studies are usually treated empirically. A brain biopsy is indicated in the absenc...
Authors: Zion Zibly, Itzchak Levy, Vlady Litchevski, Dvora Nass, Chen Hofmann, Jacob Barham, Christian A Graves, Roberto Spiegelmann, Moshe Hadani and Zvi R Cohen
Better understanding of drug resistance patterns in HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is required to inform public health policies in high prevalence settings. The aim of this study was to ...
Authors: Sureshnee Pillay, Ruth M Bland, Richard J Lessells, Justen Manasa, Tulio de Oliveira and Sivapragashini Danaviah
Prolonged exposure to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is associated with adverse effects such as hyperlactatemia. We determined the prevalence and risk factors for developing hyperlactatemia among...
Authors: Corinne Tchoula Mamiafo, Vicky Jocelyne Ama Moor, Jobert Richie N Nansseu, Constant Anatole Pieme, Claude Tayou and Jeanne Ngogang Yonkeu
Amyloid fibrils such as Semen-Derived Enhancer of Viral Infection (SEVI) or amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ) enhance HIV-1 attachment and entry. Inhibitors destroying or converting those fibrils into non-amyloidogenic a...
Authors: Marek Widera, Antonia Nicole Klein, Yeliz Cinar, Susanne Aileen Funke, Dieter Willbold and Heiner Schaal
NLRP3-inflammasome activation was evaluated in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) obtained through IL-4 (IL4-DC) or IFN-α (IFN-DC) protocols and pulsed with chemically inactivated HIV-1. Inflammasome’ genes...
Authors: Alessandra Pontillo, Bruna T Santillo, Alberto JS Duarte and Telma M Oshiro
Herpes zoster (HZ) is common among HIV-infected individuals, but the impacts of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and HAART adherence on HZ risk have not been well studied.
Authors: Chenglong Liu, Cuiwei Wang, Marshall J Glesby, Gypsyamber D’souza, Audrey French, Howard Minkoff, Toby Maurer, Roksana Karim and Mary Young
The nucleoside(tide) reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) have traditionally been an important ‘back-bone’ of an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen. However all agents have been associated with both shor...
Despite the major advances in the management of HIV infection, HIV-infected patients still have greater morbidity and mortality than the general population. Serious non-AIDS events (SNAEs), including non-AIDS ...
Authors: Denise C Hsu, Irini Sereti and Jintanat Ananworanich
The success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has determined a dramatic decline in AIDS- and immunodeficiency-related causes of death in the HIV-infected population. As life-expectancy increases,...
Authors: Adelzon A Paula, Melissa CN Falcão and Antonio G Pacheco
Thirty years since the discovery of HIV, the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than two thirds of the world’s HIV infections. Southern Africa remains the region most severely affected by the...
Like most cellular mRNAs, the 5′ end of HIV mRNAs is capped and the 3′ end matured by the process of polyadenylation. There are, however, several rather unique and interesting aspects of these post-transcripti...
Anti-retroviral treated HIV-infected patients are at risk of mitochondrial toxicity, but non-invasive markers are lacking. Serum FGF-21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) levels correlate strongly with muscle biops...
Authors: Brendan AI Payne, David Ashley Price and Patrick F Chinnery
CCR5-delta32 heterozygous individuals are susceptible to HIV-1. However, it is not clear if there is a relevant protective effect against transmission and a beneficial effect in terms of HIV progression which ...
Authors: Gero Hütter, Christian Blüthgen, Martin Neumann, Mark Reinwald, Daniel Nowak and Harald Klüter
Early recognition of antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure in resource limited settings is a challenge given the limited laboratory facilities and trained personnel. This study aimed at describing the incidence...
Authors: Robert Sebunya, Victor Musiime, Sabrina Bakeera Kitaka and Grace Ndeezi
The enumeration of absolute CD4 counts is of primary importance for many medical conditions especially HIV infection where therapeutic initiation depends on the count. These ranges tend to vary across populati...
Authors: Erick M Bosire, Anthony K Nyamache, Michael M Gicheru, Samoel A Khamadi, Raphael W Lihana and Vincent Okoth
Although the Centres for disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends empiric treatment for schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis (prevalent but treatable parasitic infections) in some refugee groups it is u...
Authors: Corinna M Sadlier, Aisling Brown, John S Lambert, Gerard Sheehan and Patrick W G Mallon
Susac’s Syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune endotheliopathy of cerebral, retinal and cochlear arterioles. We report of an HIV-infected woman who developed a first SS episode following a spontaneous reduction of pla...
Authors: Francesca Ferretti, Simonetta Gerevini, Bruno Colombo, Manuela Testa, Monica Guffanti, Diego Franciotta, Gaetano Bernardi, Adriano Lazzarin and Paola Cinque
Increasing rates of non-AIDS defining illnesses, and in particular liver diseases, have been found after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. However, there is little evidence concerning the...
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) roll-out is fraught with challenges, many with serious repercussions. We explored and described patient behaviour-related challenges from the perspective of health care providers f...
Authors: Janet Michel, Christina Matlakala, Rene English, Richard Lessells and Marie-Louise Newell
Tuberculosis (TB) disease affects survival among HIV co-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Yet, the magnitude of TB disease on mortality is poorly understood.
Authors: Rong Chu, Edward J Mills, Joseph Beyene, Eleanor Pullenayegum, Celestin Bakanda, Jean B Nachega, P J Devereaux and Lehana Thabane
HIV/TB coinfection remains a major challenge even after the initiation of HAART. Little is known about Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) specific immune restoration in relation to immunologic and virologic outcome...
Authors: Desta Kassa, Gebremedhin Gebremichael, Yodit Alemayehu, Dawit Wolday, Tsehaynesh Messele and Debbie van Baarle
The prevention of intimate partner transmission of HIV remains an important component of comprehensive HIV prevention strategies. In this paper we examine the sexual practices of people living with HIV on anti...
Authors: Wing Young Nicola Man, Angela Kelly, Heather Worth, Andrew Frankland, Patti Shih, Martha Kupul, Thiri Lwin, Agnes Mek, Barbara Kepa, Rebecca Emori, Frances Akuani, Brenda Cangah, Lucy Walizopa, Lawrencia Pirpir, Somu Nosi and Peter M Siba
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) the most fatal presentation of tuberculosis (TB) especially in HIV-infected patients is a real diagnostic and therapeutic challenge worldwide. In Cameroon where HIV and TB are amon...
Authors: Henry Namme Luma, Benjamin Clet Nguenkam Tchaleu, Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane, Elvis Temfack, Marie Solange Doualla, Marie Patrice Halle, Henry Achu Joko and Sinata Koulla-Shiro
Resistance to CCR5 inhibitors, such as maraviroc and vicriviroc is characterized by reduction of maximal percent inhibition which indicates the use of an inhibitor-bound conformation of CCR5 for human immunode...
Authors: Odalis Asin-Milan, Annie Chamberland, Yi Wei, Alpha Haidara, Mohamed Sylla and Cécile L Tremblay
CSIC (5-chloro-3-phenylsulfonylindole-2-carboxamide), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) has not been advanced as a therapeutic anti-HIV candidate drug due to its low aqueous solubility a...
Authors: Nicholas C Obitte, Lisa C Rohan, Christianah M Adeyeye, Michael A Parniak and Charles O Esimone
Despite the increasingly wider availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), some people living with HIV (PLHIV) and eligible for treatment have opted to adopt self-care practices thereby risking early AIDS-re...
Authors: Maurice Musheke, Virginia Bond and Sonja Merten
Chemokines can block viral entry by interfering with HIV co-receptors and are recognised mediators of atherosclerosis development. A number of experimental drugs that inhibit HIV entry arrest the development o...
Authors: Laura Fernández-Sender, Carlos Alonso-Villaverde, Anna Rull, Esther Rodríguez-Gallego, Marta Riera-Borrull, Anna Hernández-Aguilera, Jordi Camps, Raúl Beltrán-Debón, Gerard Aragonès, Javier A Menendez and Jorge Joven
During the HIV-1 replication cycle, several molecules including chemokine receptors and cholesterol are crucial, and are therefore potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Indeed statins, compounds that...
Authors: Edwin A Higuita, Fabián A Jaimes, Maria T Rugeles and Carlos J Montoya
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to increase among certain populations including young men who have sex with men (MSM). College campuses represent a potential setting to engage yo...
Authors: Nilay Patel, Aadia Rana, Alyssa Thomas, John C Barnhart, Timothy P Flanigan, Jacob J van den Berg and Philip A Chan
A peer-reviewed journal would not survive without the generous time and insightful comments of the reviewers whose efforts often go unrecognized. AIDS Research and Therapy has been blessed by the support of highl...
Intestinal parasites are a major concern in most developing countries where HIV/AIDS case are concentrate and almost 80% of AIDS patients die of AIDS-related infections. In the absence of ART, HIV/AIDS patient...
Authors: Assefa Missaye, Mulat Dagnew, Abebe Alemu and Agersew Alemu
HIV-associated distal sensory polyneuropathy (HIV-DSP) is the most frequently reported neurologic complication associated with HIV infection. NGX-4010 is a capsaicin 8% dermal patch with demonstrated efficacy ...
Authors: Stephen Brown, David M Simpson, Graeme Moyle, Bruce J Brew, Giovanni Schifitto, Nicholas Larbalestier, Chloe Orkin, Martin Fisher, Geertrui F Vanhove and Jeffrey K Tobias
The objective of this work was to study the virological outcomes associated with two different types of treatment interruption strategies in patients with allergic reactions to nevirapine (NVP). We compared th...
While the introduction of combination highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens represents an important advance in the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, tolerabili...
Authors: José R Arribas, Manuela Doroana, Dan Turner, Linos Vandekerckhove and Adrian Streinu-Cercel
Despite progress in the development of combined antiretroviral therapies (cART), HIV infection remains a significant challenge for human health. Current problems of cART include multi-drug-resistant virus vari...
Authors: Maria M Prokofjeva, Kristoffer Riecken, Pavel V Spirin, Dimitriy V Yanvarév, Arne Düsedau, Bernhard Ellinger, Boris Fehse, Carol Stocking and Vladimir S Prassolov
The relationship between HIV serostatus disclosure and sexual risk behavior is inconsistent across studies. As men who have sex with men (MSM) are emerging as the key affected population in Bangkok, Thailand w...
Authors: Nneka Edwards-Jackson, Nittaya Phanuphak, Hong Van Tieu, Nitiya Chomchey, Nipat Teeratakulpisarn, Wassana Sathienthammawit, Charnwit Pakam, Nutthasun Pharachetsakul, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Praphan Phanuphak and Jintanat Ananworanich
The benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART) cannot be experienced if they are not taken as prescribed. Yet, not all causes of non-adherence are dependent on the patient. Having to pay for medication reduces a...
Authors: Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Lehana Thabane, Pierre Ongolo-Zogo, David Yondo, Stephen Noorduyn, Marek Smieja and Lisa Dolovich
