The Rev protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) facilitates the nuclear export of intron containing viral mRNAs allowing formation of infectious virions. Rev traffics through the nucleolus and shuttl...
Authors: Alessandro Michienzi, Fernanda G De Angelis, Irene Bozzoni and John J Rossi
Current anti-AIDS therapeutic agents and treatment regimens can provide a dramatically improved quality of life for HIV-positive people, many of whom have no detectable viral load for prolonged periods of time...
Authors: Li Wan, Xiaoping Zhang, Simi Gunaseelan, Shahriar Pooyan, Olivia Debrah, Michael J Leibowitz, Arnold B Rabson, Stanley Stein and Patrick J Sinko
Efavirenz is the preferred non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for first-line antiretroviral treatment in many countries. For women of childbearing potential, advantages of efavirenz are balanced by...
Authors: Matthew F Chersich, Michael F Urban, Francois WD Venter, Tina Wessels, Amanda Krause, Glenda E Gray, Stanley Luchters and Dennis L Viljoen
Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces mortality in the developed world, it remains undocumented in resource-poor settings. We assessed the effect of HAART on patient mortality and tuber...
Authors: Degu Jerene, Are Næss and Bernt Lindtjørn
Co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is not infrequent as both share same route of exposure. The risk of developing chronic hepatitis B virus is 6%, in general popul...
Authors: Patricia Cornejo-Juárez, Patricia Volkow-Fernández, Kenia Escobedo-López, Diana Vilar-Compte, Guillermo Ruiz-Palacios and Luis Enrique Soto-Ramírez
Co-infections of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. Tb) are steadily increasing and represent a major health crisis in many developing countries. Both pathogens individually sti...
Authors: Soichi Haraguchi, Noorbibi K Day, Wasu Kamchaisatian, Macarena Beigier-Pompadre, Steffen Stenger, Nutthapong Tangsinmankong, John W Sleasman, Salvatore V Pizzo and George J Cianciolo
The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on health-related quality of life (QOL) of HIV-1 infected individuals in large prospective cohorts has not been well studied.
Authors: Chenglong Liu, Kathleen Weber, Esther Robison, Zheng Hu, Lisa P Jacobson and Stephen J Gange
Intracellular levels of glutathione are depleted in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom the risk of tuberculosis, particularly disseminated disease is many times that of healthy individual...
Authors: Vishwanath Venketaraman, Tatanisha Rodgers, Rafael Linares, Nancy Reilly, Shobha Swaminathan, David Hom, Ariel C Millman, Robert Wallis and Nancy D Connell
The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of twice daily, intra-vaginal use of 0.5% PRO 2000 Gel for fourteen days in HIV un-infected women at lower as well as higher risk for HIV acquisition, in ...
Authors: Joshi Smita, Dutta Soma, Bell Beverly, Profy Albert, Kuruc JoAnn, Gai Fang, Cianciola Missy, Soto-Torres Lydia, Panchanadikar Anjali, Risbud Arun, Mehendale Sanjay and Reynolds Steven J
Partial or complete seroreversion for HIV-1, or incomplete antibody evolution are relatively rare events that have so far only been described in patients treated with HAART early after virus infection. Whether...
Authors: Marion Cornelissen, Suzanne Jurriaans, Jan M Prins, Margreet Bakker and Antoinette C van der Kuyl
Two recent meetings held on the west coast of the USA highlighted current work being done in the field of retrovirology and AIDS. The meetings, "The Twelfth West Coast Retrovirus Meeting" (Palm Springs CA; Oct...
Protease inhibitors, particularly ritonavir, causes significant gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, even at low doses. This ritonavir-induced nausea could be related to its oxidative stress in the gu...
Authors: Han Aung, Sangeeta Mehendale, Wei-Tien Chang, Chong-Zhi Wang, Jing-Tian Xie and Chun-Su Yuan
Implementation of programs for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV faces a variety of barriers and challenges. The assessment of these challenges has generally been conducted in large...
Episomal 2-long terminal repeat (LTR) HIV-1 cDNA, a by-product of HIV-1 infection, is used in clinical trials as a marker for ongoing viral replication. It would be useful to employ 2-LTR cDNA to monitor crypt...
Authors: Chong Xu, Joseph A Politch, Kenneth H Mayer and Deborah J Anderson
RNA and DNA aptamers specific for HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) can inhibit reverse transcription in vitro. RNA aptamers have been shown to potently block HIV-1 replication in culture. We previously reported m...
Authors: Timothy S Fisher, Pheroze Joshi and Vinayaka R Prasad
Murine leukemia virus (MLV) vector particles can be pseudotyped with a truncated variant of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope protein (Env) and selectively target gene transfer to human ...
Authors: Sandra Siegert, Sonja Thaler, Ralf Wagner and Barbara S Schnierle
The neurofilament is a major structural component of myelinated axons. Increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of the light chain of the neurofilament protein (NFL) can serve as a sensitive indicato...
Authors: Magnus Gisslén, Lars Rosengren, Lars Hagberg, Steven G Deeks and Richard W Price
In Cambodia, nearly half of pregnant women attend antenatal care (ANC), which is an entry point of services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). However, most of ANC services are prov...
Authors: Koum Kanal, Thai Leang Chou, Ly Sovann, Yasuo Morikawa, Yumi Mukoyama and Kazuhiro Kakimoto
Observational studies have suggested that low serum vitamin levels are associated with increased mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and increased preterm delivery. We aimed to determine the efficacy of...
Authors: Edward J Mills, Ping Wu, Dugald Seely and Gordon H Guyatt
Today, scientists are often encouraged to custom-design vaccines based on a particular country or clade. Here, we review the scientific literature and then suggest that the overwhelming endeavor to produce a u...
Authors: Karen S Slobod, Chris Coleclough, Scott A Brown, John Stambas, Xiaoyan Zhan, Sherri Surman, Bart G Jones, Amy Zirkel, Pamela J Freiden, Brita Brown, Robert Sealy, Mattia Bonsignori and Julia L Hurwitz
Protease inhibitors (PIs) block HIV-1 maturation into an infectious virus particle by inhibiting the protease processing of gag and gag-pol precursor proteins. We have used a simple anti-HIV-1 p24 Western blot...
Authors: Heather A Baird, Andre J Marozsan, Michael M Lederman, Alan Landay, Donna Mildvan, Daniel R Kuritzkes, Harold A Kessler and Eric J Arts
RNA interference (RNAi) mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has proved to be a highly effective gene silencing mechanism with great potential for HIV/AIDS gene therapy. Previous work with siRNAs agains...
RNA based antiviral approaches against HIV-1 are among the most promising for long-term gene therapy. These include ribozymes, aptamers (decoys), and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Lentiviral vectors are ide...
Authors: Akhil Banerjea, Ming-Jie Li, Leila Remling, John Rossi and Ramesh Akkina
Open Access online publishing is the trend of the future for unrestricted rapid and international dissemination of knowledge. Several journals are published on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) resear...
