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  1. Smoking prevalence in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive subjects is about three times of that in the general population. However, whether the extremely high smoking prevalence in HIV-positive subject...

    Authors: Qu Cui, Sue Carruthers, Andrew McIvor, Fiona Smaill, Lehana Thabane and Marek Smieja
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2010 7:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Ritonavir-boosted saquinavir (SQVr) is nowadays regarded as an alternative antiretroviral drug probably due to several drawbacks, such as its high pill burden, twice daily dosing and the requirement of 200 mg ...

    Authors: Luis F López-Cortés, Pompeyo Viciana, Rosa Ruiz-Valderas, Juan Pasquau, Josefa Ruiz, Fernando Lozano, Dolores Merino, Antonio Vergara, Alberto Terrón, Luis González, Antonio Rivero and Agustin Muñoz-Sanz
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2010 7:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. HIV-1 infected patients for whom standard gp160 phenotypic tropism testing failed are currently excluded from co-receptor antagonist treatment. To provide patients with maximal treatment options, massively par...

    Authors: Ina Vandenbroucke, Herwig Van Marck, Wendy Mostmans, Veerle Van Eygen, Evelien Rondelez, Kim Thys, Kurt Van Baelen, Katrien Fransen, Dolores Vaira, Kabamba Kabeya, Stephane De Wit, Eric Florence, Michel Moutschen, Linos Vandekerckhove, Chris Verhofstede and Lieven J Stuyver
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2010 7:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. International HIV guidelines have recently shifted from a medium-late to an early-start treatment strategy. As a consequence, more people will be eligible to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). We es...

    Authors: Kjell Arne Johansson, Bjarne Robberstad and Ole Frithjof Norheim
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2010 7:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Adequate antiretroviral drug potency is essential for obtaining therapeutic benefit, however, the behavioral aspects of proper adherence and readiness to medication, often determine therapeutic outcome. Theref...

    Authors: Belay Tessema, Fantahun Biadglegne, Andargachew Mulu, Assefa Getachew, Frank Emmrich and Ulrich Sack
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2010 7:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. A recent study reported a lower than expected specificity and positive predictive value of the rapid oral HIV test in the setting of routine emergency department (ED) screening. These results appeared inconsis...

    Authors: Jeremy Brown, Manya Magnus, Maggie Czarnogosrki and Vanessa Lee
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2010 7:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Different strategies of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir monotherapy have been explored; however, data regarding salvage therapy among HIV-infected patients who failed nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NR...

    Authors: Weerawat Manosuthi, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Wannarat Amornnimit, Wisit Prasithsirikul, Supeda Thongyen, Samruay Nilkamhang, Kiat Ruxrungtham and Somnuek Sungkanuparph
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:30
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) tablet compared to the soft gel capsule (SGC) formulation has no oleic acid or sorbitol, has no refrigeration or food-restriction requirements, and has less pharmacokinetic variabil...

    Authors: Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Susan K Chuck, Brian Schmotzer and Kelly L O'Neil
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. HIV-1 epidemic in India is largely driven by subtype C but other subtypes or recombinants have also been reported from several states of India. This is mainly due to the co-circulation of other genetic subtype...

    Authors: Ujjwal Neogi, Vikas Sood, Arpita Chowdhury, Shukla Das, Vishnampettai G Ramachandran, Vijesh K Sreedhar, Ajay Wanchu, Nilanjana Ghosh and Akhil C Banerjea
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:28
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  10. With the advent of entry inhibitors, monitoring of viral tropism in the clinical setting is important. Conventional methods are cell-based and lengthy, therefore V3 sequence based prediction algorithms are bec...

    Authors: Viswanath Ragupathy, Jiangqin Zhao, Xue Wang, Owen Wood, Sherwin Lee, Sherri Burda, Phillipe Nyambi and Indira Hewlett
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:27
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  11. Fenofibrate changed the expression of chemokine genes in circulating leukocytes of HIV-infected patients with hypertriglyceridemia. The data suggest that fenofibrate when effective in the treatment of lipoprot...

    Authors: Carlos Alonso-Villaverde, Gerard Aragonès, Raúl Beltrán-Debón, Laura Fernández-Sender, Anna Rull, Jordi Camps, Josep M Alegret and Jorge Joven
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:26
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  12. Snake and insect venoms have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases including drug resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We evaluated and hypothesiz...

    Authors: Ramachandran Meenakshisundaram, Shah Sweni and Ponniah Thirumalaikolundusubramanian
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:25
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. WR1065 is the free-thiol metabolite of the cytoprotective aminothiol amifostine, which is used clinically at very high doses to protect patients against toxicity induced by radiation and chemotherapy. In an ea...

    Authors: Miriam C Poirier, Ofelia A Olivero, Andrew W Hardy, Genoveffa Franchini, Jennifer P Borojerdi, Vernon E Walker, Dale M Walker and Gene M Shearer
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are an important category of drugs for both chemotherapy and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, current non-h...

    Authors: Yonghou Jiang, Baoping Tian, Mohammed Saifuddin, Michael B Agy, Peter Emau, J Scott Cairns and Che-Chung Tsai
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. A high incidence of rash has been reported in HIV-1 patients who received the anti-retroviral drug nevirapine. In addition, several studies have suggested that polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes...

    Authors: Sirirat Likanonsakul, Tippawan Rattanatham, Siriluk Feangvad, Sumonmal Uttayamakul, Wisit Prasithsirikul, Preecha Tunthanathip, Emi E Nakayama and Tatsuo Shioda
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. With African health-care systems facing exploding demand for HIV care, reliable methods for assessing adherence and its influencing factors are needed to guide effective public-health measures. This study eval...

    Authors: Mathieu Rougemont, Beat E Stoll, Nadia Elia and Peter Ngang
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. HIV-1 infects gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) very early after transmission by multiple routes. The infected GALT consequently serves as the major reservoir for HIV-1 infection and could constantly shed...

    Authors: Ayan K Chakrabarti, Lori Caruso, Ming Ding, Chengli Shen, William Buchanan, Phalguni Gupta, Charles R Rinaldo and Yue Chen
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:20
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Protease inhibitors such as ritonavir can cause nausea and vomiting which is the most common reason for discontinuation. Rats react to nauseous and emetic stimuli by increasing their oral intake of non-nutriti...

    Authors: Chun-Su Yuan, Chong-Zhi Wang, Sangeeta R Mehendale, Han H Aung, Adela Foo and Robert J Israel
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Roche's protease inhibitor nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept®) produced between March 2007-June 2007 was found to contain elevated levels of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), a known mutagen (alkylator) – leading to a gl...

    Authors: Anton Pozniak, Lutz Müller, Miklos Salgo, Judith K Jones, Peter Larson and David Tweats
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:18
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  20. Many HIV-infected patients only access health care once they have developed advanced symptomatic disease resulting from AIDS Defining Conditions (ADCs). We carried out a study to establish the effect of ADCs o...

    Authors: Brian K Kigozi, Samwel Sumba, Peter Mudyope, Betty Namuddu, Joan Kalyango, Charles Karamagi, Mathew Odere, Elly Katabira, Peter Mugyenyi and Francis Ssali
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. To immunophenotype CD4+ and CD8+ T cell sub-populations in HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

    Authors: David M Murdoch, Melinda S Suchard, Willem DF Venter, Patrick Mhlangu, Janet S Ottinger, Charles Feldman, Annelies Van Rie, Deborah K Glencross, Wendy S Stevens and Kent J Weinhold
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. The latency of HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T-lymphocytes constitutes a major obstacle for the eradication of virus in patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). As yet, no approach to reduce this viral reservoir has pro...

    Authors: Annica Lindkvist, Arvid Edén, Melissa M Norström, Veronica D Gonzalez, Staffan Nilsson, Bo Svennerholm, Annika C Karlsson, Johan K Sandberg, Anders Sönnerborg and Magnus Gisslén
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. HIV-1 integrase (IN) is an attractive target for the development of drugs to treat AIDS, and inhibitors of this viral enzyme are already in the clinic. Nevertheless, there is a continuing need to devise new ap...

    Authors: Mark D Andrake, Joseph Ramcharan, George Merkel, Xue Zhi Zhao, Terrence R Burke Jr and Anna Marie Skalka
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:14
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  24. Antiretrovirals used to treat HIV-infected patients have the potential to adversely affect serum lipid profiles and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease which is an emerging concern among HIV-infected p...

    Authors: Anuradha Ganesan, Lorie Benning, Elizabeth T Golub, Mark Riddle, Nancy Crum-Cianflone, Sybil Tasker, Lisa Jacobson and Stephen J Gange
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:13
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  25. Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is increasing in resource-limited settings (RLS) and can successfully reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, virologic failure and development of viral drug...

    Authors: Kim Steegen, Stanley Luchters, Kenny Dauwe, Jacqueline Reynaerts, Kishor Mandaliya, Walter Jaoko, Jean Plum, Marleen Temmerman and Chris Verhofstede
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:12
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  26. Non-invasive surrogate measures which are valid and responsive to change are needed to study cardiovascular risks in HIV. We compared the construct validity of two noninvasive arterial measures: carotid intima...

    Authors: Adefowope Odueyungbo, Marek Smieja, Lehana Thabane, Fiona Smaill, Kevin Gough, John Gill, Todd Anderson, Dawn Elston, Sandy Smith, Joseph Beyene and Eva Lonn
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Two HIV-1 infected patients developed signs and symptoms consistent with adrenal suppression after being exposed to intra-articular triamcinolone acetate while also receiving ritonavir as part of their highly ...

    Authors: Kathryn Dort, Shetal Padia, Brian Wispelwey and Christopher C Moore
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:10
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  28. Successful treatment of HIV-positive patients is fundamental to controlling the progression to AIDS. Causes of treatment failure are either related to drug resistance and/or insufficient drug levels in the blo...

    Authors: IRichard Thompson, Penelope Bidgood, Andrea Petróczi, James CW Denholm-Price and Mark D Fielder
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:9
    Content type: Hypothesis Published on:

  29. Fat abnormalities are common among HIV-infected persons, but few studies have compared regional body fat distribution, including visceral fat, in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected persons and their subsequent tr...

    Authors: Todd T Brown, Xiaoqiang Xu, Majnu John, Jaya Singh, Lawrence A Kingsley, Frank J Palella, Mallory D Witt, Joseph B Margolick and Adrian S Dobs
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has an estimated prevalence of 0.9% in India (5.2 million). Anti-retroviral drugs (ARV) are the treatments of choice and non-adherence is an important factor in treatment failur...

    Authors: Mary B Cauldbeck, Catherine O'Connor, Mortimer B O'Connor, Jean A Saunders, Bhimasena Rao, V G Mallesh, Nagendrappa Kotehalappa Praveen Kumar, Gurushanthappa Mamtha, Claire McGoldrick, Robert BS Laing and Kadappa Shivappa Satish
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Prognosis for patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has improved with the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Evidence over recent years suggests that the incidence of ...

    Authors: Julián Olalla, Daniel Salas, Javier de la Torre, Alfonso del Arco, José Luis Prada, Francisco Martos, Emilio Perea-Milla and Javier García-Alegría
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:6
    Content type: Review Published on:

  32. Most in vitro assays of drug potency may not adequately predict the performance in vivo. Methods to assess the persistence of antiviral activity of deoxynucleoside analogs, which require intracellular activati...

    Authors: Elijah Paintsil, Susan P Grill, Ginger E Dutschman and Yung-Chi Cheng
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. About 20–30% of persons with HIV infection, especially those living in countries with limited resources, experience an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after starting antiretroviral treatment...

    Authors: Anali Conesa-Botella, Chantal Mathieu, Robert Colebunders, Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes, Evelyne van Etten, Lut Lynen and Luc Kestens
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:4
    Content type: Hypothesis Published on:

  34. Traditional first line regimens containing a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or protease inhibitor may not be suitable for a subset of antiretroviral-naïve patients such as those with certain co...

    Authors: Princy N Kumar, Patricia Salvato, Anthony LaMarca, Edwin DeJesus, Parul Patel, Daniel McClernon, Allison Florance and Mark S Shaefer
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. The selection of agents for any treatment regimen is in part influenced by physician and patient attitudes. This study investigated attitudinal motivators and barriers to the use of self-injectable antiretrovi...

    Authors: Robert Horne, Colin Kovacs, Christine Katlama, Bonaventura Clotet, Carmina R Fumaz, Michael Youle, Ranjababu Kulasegaram, Martin Fisher, Calvin Cohen, Jihad Slim, Peter Shalit, Vanessa Cooper and Christos Tsoukas
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. HIV-infected individuals are at increased risk for acute and chronic airway disease even though there is no evidence that the virus can infect the lung epithelium. Although HIV-related proteins including gp120...

    Authors: Coy Lassiter, Xian Fan, Pratibha C Joshi, Barbara A Jacob, Roy L Sutliff, Dean P Jones, Michael Koval and David M Guidot
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. CD4 count is a standard measure of immunodeficiency in adults infected with HIV to initiate and monitor highly active antiretroviral therapy; however, it may not be feasible in resource poor countries. There i...

    Authors: Deresse Daka and Eskindir Loha
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Allopathic practitioners in India are outnumbered by practitioners of traditional Indian medicine and homeopathy (TIMH), which is used by up to two-thirds of its population to help meet primary health care nee...

    Authors: M Fritts, CC Crawford, D Quibell, A Gupta, WB Jonas, I Coulter and SA Andrade
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. To evaluate the feasibility of a large immediate versus deferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) study in children.

    Authors: Jintanat Ananworanich, Pope Kosalaraksa, Umaporn Siangphoe, Chulapan Engchanil, Chitsanu Pancharoen, Pagakrong Lumbiganon, Jintana Intasan, Wichitra Apateerapong, Theshinee Chuenyam, Sasiwimol Ubolyam, Torsak Bunupuradah, Joep Lange, David A Cooper and Praphan Phanuphak
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. A proportion of individuals who start antiretroviral therapy (ART) fail to achieve adequate CD4 cell reconstitution despite sustained viral suppression. We determined the frequency and clinical significance of...

    Authors: Damalie Nakanjako, Agnes Kiragga, Fowzia Ibrahim, Barbara Castelnuovo, Moses R Kamya and Philippa J Easterbrook
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. T-cell mediated immunity likely plays an important role in controlling HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS. Several candidate vaccines against HIV-1 aim at stimulating cellular immune responses, either alo...

    Authors: Sarah Kutscher, Claudia J Dembek, Simone Allgayer, Silvia Heltai, Birgit Stadlbauer, Priscilla Biswas, Silvia Nozza, Giuseppe Tambussi, Johannes R Bogner, Hans J Stellbrink, Frank D Goebel, Paolo Lusso, Marco Tinelli, Guido Poli, Volker Erfle, Heike Pohla…
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:22
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  42. The tablet formulation of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r; Kaletra®) has many advantages over the soft gel capsule (SGC) formulation, including lower pill count, no refrigeration requirement, and no dietary re...

    Authors: Shannon Schrader, Susan K Chuck, Laurie W Rahn, Paras Parekh and Katherine G Emrich
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:21
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  43. Newer antiretroviral (ARV) agents have improved pharmacokinetics, potency, and tolerability and have enabled the design of regimens with improved virologic outcomes. Successful antiretroviral therapy is depend...

    Authors: William C Mathews, Eva Barker, Erica Winter, Craig Ballard, Bradford Colwell and Susanne May
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:20
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. Recently revised statistics show the number of individuals living with HIV at over 33 million worldwide, with 68% being in sub-Saharan Africa. Current HIV prevention methods, such as condom use, monogamy and a...

    Authors: Gita Ramjee, Gustavo F Doncel, Sanjay Mehendale, Elizabeth E Tolley and Kim Dickson
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:19
    Content type: Review Published on:

  45. Current diagnostic assays for HIV-1 do not always test for the presence of HIV-2 in the United States. We present the case of a patient from Cape Verde, who was admitted to our hospital with rapidly deteriorat...

    Authors: Philip A Chan, Sarah E Wakeman, Timothy Flanigan, Susan Cu-Uvin, Erna Kojic and Rami Kantor
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:18
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  46. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is a major public health challenge in Zimbabwe.

    Authors: Avinash K Shetty, Caroline Marangwanda, Lynda Stranix-Chibanda, Winfreda Chandisarewa, Elizabeth Chirapa, Agnes Mahomva, Anna Miller, Micah Simoyi and Yvonne Maldonado
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Access to antiretroviral drugs for HIV-1 infection has increased in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) during the past few years. Mutations in the HIV-1 genome are often associated with treatment failure as indicated by...

    Authors: Balthazar M Nyombi, Carol Holm-Hansen, Knut I Kristiansen, Gunnar Bjune and Fredrik Müller
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2008 5:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

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AIDS Research and Therapy

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