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  1. Internal polymerase III promoters in retroviral vectors have been used extensively to express short RNA sequences, such as ribozymes, RNA aptamers or short interfering RNA inhibitors, in various positions and ...

    Authors: Stephen E Braun, Xuanling Shi, Gang Qiu, Fay Eng Wong, Pheroze J Joshi, Vinayaka R Prasad and RPaul Johnson
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:24
  2. Monitoring dynamics in HIV-1 infection and risk behaviours is important in evaluating, adjusting and scaling up prevention programmes. The objective of this study was to estimate trends in the prevalence of HI...

    Authors: Elia J Mmbaga, Akhtar Hussain, Germana H Leyna, Carol Holm-Hansen, Kagoma S Mnyika, Noel E Sam, Elise Klouman and Knut-Inge Klepp
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:23
  3. HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality rates have decreased in the U.S. since 1996. Accompanying the longer life spans of those diagnosed with the disease, however, is a tremendous rise in expenditures on medication...

    Authors: Yonghua Jing, Patricia Klein, Christina ML Kelton, Xing Li and Jeff J Guo
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:22
  4. Penicillium marneffei is a dimorphic fungus, endemic in South-east Asia. The fungus causes severe disease in immunocompromised patients such as AIDS. However, no case of immune restoration disease of Penicillium ...

    Authors: Swati Gupta, Purva Mathur, Dipesh Maskey, Naveet Wig and Sarman Singh
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:21
  5. When on the market, microbicides are likely to be used by individuals who do not know their HIV status. Hence, assessment of safety and acceptability among HIV positive men and women is important. Acceptabilit...

    Authors: Gita Ramjee, Neetha S Morar, Sarah Braunstein, Barbara Friedland, Heidi Jones and Janneke van de Wijgert
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:20
  6. The introduction of HAART has initially improved the quality of life (QoL) of HIV-positive (HIV+) patients, however body fat redistribution (BFR) and metabolic disorders associated with long-term HAART use may...

    Authors: Eugene Mutimura, Aimee Stewart and Nigel J Crowther
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:19
  7. It is critical to understand the pattern of antiretroviral treatment (ART) prescription in different regions of the world as ART procurement needs to be anticipated. We aimed at exploring rates and predictors ...

    Authors: Preeyaporn Srasuebkul, Alexandra Calmy, Jialun Zhou, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Matthew Law and Poh Lian Lim
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:18
  8. Diagnosis of an opportunistic illness (OI) in a person with HIV infection is a sentinel event, indicating opportunities for improving diagnosis of HIV infection and secondary prevention efforts. In the past, r...

    Authors: Patrick S Sullivan, Maxine Denniston, AD McNaghten, Susan E Buskin, Stephanie T Broyles and Eve D Mokotoff
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:17
  9. A segment of the HIV infected population develops abnormal and excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the trunk, including accumulation of visceral (deep abdominal) adipose tissue. This condition, known a...

    Authors: Kenneth Lichtenstein, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Rajagopal Sekhar and Eric Freedland
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:16
  10. Although the introduction of combined therapy with reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors has resulted in considerable decrease in HIV related mortality; it has also induced the development of multiple ...

    Authors: Amisha Malhotra, Sunanda Gaur, Patricia Whitley-Williams, Caitlin Loomis and Anna Petrova
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:15
  11. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated adipose redistribution syndrome (HARS) is a fat accumulation disorder characterized by increases in visceral adipose tissue. Patients with HARS may also present wi...

    Authors: Kenneth Lichtenstein, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Rajagopal Sekhar and Eric Freedland
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:14
  12. A severely immune-suppressed AIDS patient was suspected of suffering from BK virus (BKV) meningoencephalitis, after being studied for common causes of neurological complications of co-infectious origin. Polyme...

    Authors: José E Vidal, Maria C Fink, Filiberto Cedeno-Laurent, Serena Delbue, Pasquale Ferrante, Rafi F Dauar, Francisco Bonasser Filho, Roberta Schiavon Nogueira, Eduardo E Calore, Claudio S Pannuti, J Roberto Trujillo and Augusto C Penalva de Oliveira
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:13
  13. Sustained use of antiretroviral therapy has been consistently shown to be one of the primary predictors of long-term effectiveness. Switching and discontinuation reflect patient and provider decisions that may...

    Authors: John D Morris, Elizabeth T Golub, Shruti H Mehta, Lisa P Jacobson and Stephen J Gange
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:12
  14. During the extended clinically latent period associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection the virus itself is far from latent. This phase of infection generally comes to an end with the develop...

    Authors: Simone E Langford, Jintanat Ananworanich and David A Cooper
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:11
  15. The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) results from restored immunity to specific infectious or non-infectious antigens. A parad...

    Authors: David M Murdoch, Willem DF Venter, Annelies Van Rie and Charles Feldman
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:9
  16. Protease inhibitors, as part of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), have significantly increased the lifespan of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Several deleterious side effect...

    Authors: Melinda E Wilson, Kimberly F Allred, Elizabeth M Kordik, Deana K Jasper, Amanda N Rosewell and Anthony J Bisotti
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:8
  17. The promise of microbicides as an HIV prevention method will not be realized if not supported by health care providers. They are the primary source of sexual health information for potential users, in both the...

    Authors: Gita Ramjee, Neetha S Morar, James Mtimkulu, Joanne E Mantell and Varanna Gharbaharan
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:7
  18. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a generic fixed-dose combination (FDC) of stavudine (d4T)/lamivudine (3TC)/nevirapine (NVP) is widely used in developing countries. The clinical data of this FDC among very ad...

    Authors: Weerawat Manosuthi, Sukanya Chimsuntorn, Sirirat Likanonsakul and Somnuek Sungkanuparph
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:6
  19. A case of a 15 year old girl with retroviral rebound syndrome after discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) due to side effects is presented. The patient was transmitted with HIV at b...

    Authors: Vanda Friman and Magnus Gisslén
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:3
  20. The association between baseline drug resistance mutations and subsequent increase in viral failure has not been established for HIV-infected children. We evaluated drug resistance mutations at 39 codon sites ...

    Authors: Susan A Fiscus, Andrea Kovacs, Leslie A Petch, Chengcheng Hu, Andrew A Wiznia, Lynne M Mofenson, Ram Yogev, Kenneth McIntosh, Stephen I Pelton, Sonia Napravnik, Kenneth Stanley and Sharon A Nachman
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:2
  21. CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4) cell count testing is the standard method for determining eligibility for antiretroviral therapy (ART), but is not widely available in sub-Saharan Africa. Total lymphocyte counts (TLCs)...

    Authors: David M Moore, Anna Awor, Robert S Downing, Willy Were, Peter Solberg, David Tu, Keith Chan, Robert S Hogg and Jonathan Mermin
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2007 4:1
  22. We evaluated whether FLAVORx helped thirty Thai children take opened capsule, crushed tablets and liquid generic ARVs with more ease. All children had excellent adherence, evaluated by PACTG Standard Internati...

    Authors: Torsak Bunupuradah, Siripan Wannachai, Arpa Chuamchaitrakool, Jintana Intasan, Thantip Nuchapong, Woodie Neiss, Kenny Kramm, Chitsanu Pancharoen, David Burger and Jintanat Ananworanich
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:30
  23. A 4-week, uninterrupted treatment with 9-(2-phosphonyl-methoxypropyly)adenine (PMPA, commonly called tenofovir) completely prevents simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmne) infection in cynomolgus macaques if treat...

    Authors: Peter Emau, Yonghou Jiang, Michael B Agy, Baoping Tian, Girma Bekele and Che-Chung Tsai
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:29
  24. HLA-G gene is a non-classical MHC class 1 molecule that is highly expressed in the trophoblast at the maternal-fetal interface. In an attempt to elucidate possible immunological mechanisms facilitating protection...

    Authors: Felix O Aikhionbare, K Kumaresan, Falah Shamsa and Vincent C Bond
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:28
  25. Women continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV in Tanzania, and factors contributing to this situation need to be identified. The objective of this study was to determine social, behavioral and biolog...

    Authors: Sia E Msuya, Elizabeth Mbizvo, Akhtar Hussain, Jacqueline Uriyo, Noel E Sam and Babill Stray-Pedersen
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:27
  26. The CD4+ T cell count estimation is an important monitoring tool for HIV disease progression and efficacy of anti-retroviral treatment (ART). Due to availability of ART at low cost in developing countries, que...

    Authors: Madhuri R Thakar, Kishore B Kumar, Bharati A Mahajan, Sanjay M Mehendale and Ramesh S Paranjape
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:26
  27. Current HIV/AIDS statistics show that women account for almost 60% of HIV infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. HIV prevention tools such as male and female condoms, abstinence and monogamy are not always feasible...

    Authors: Gita Ramjee, Robin Shattock, Sinead Delany, Ian McGowan, Neetha Morar and Megan Gottemoeller
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:25
  28. Despite multiple sexual exposure to HIV-1 virus, some individuals remain HIV-1 seronegative (exposed seronegative, ESN). The mechanisms underlying this resistance remain still unclear, although a multifactoria...

    Authors: Enrico M Trecarichi, Mario Tumbarello, Katleen de Gaetano Donati, Enrica Tamburrini, Roberto Cauda, Christina Brahe and Francesco D Tiziano
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:22
  29. During HIV-1 infection, cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses exert strong selective pressure on the replicating virus population. Here we report evidence for T cell activity against the drug resistant K103N region...

    Authors: Lisa Mahnke and David Clifford
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:21
  30. The study assessed the effect of some highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART), used in the management of HIV/AIDS in Cameroon, on oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (as TBARs), albumin, pr...

    Authors: Judith L Ngondi, Julius Oben, David Musoro Forkah, Lucten Honore Etame and Dora Mbanya
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:19
  31. Diminished IL-2 production and lack of effector differentiation have been reported for HIV-specific T cells. In this study, we examined the prevalence of these phenomena using 8-color cytokine flow cytometry, ...

    Authors: Laurel E Nomura, Brinda Emu, Rebecca Hoh, Perry Haaland, Steven G Deeks, Jeffrey N Martin, Joseph M McCune, Douglas F Nixon and Holden T Maecker
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:18
  32. HIV lipodystrophy syndrome is a recognized complication of potent antiretroviral therapy and is characterized by often dramatic changes in various body fat stores, both central and peripheral. Given prior find...

    Authors: Jeannie S Huang, Shawn Harrity, Daniel Lee, Karen Becerra, Rosanne Santos and WChristopher Mathews
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:17
  33. We studied the safety, tolerability, virologic, and immunologic effects of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) added to a stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the setting of low-level viremia.

    Authors: Rupinderjeet Kaur, Roger Bedimo, Mary Beth Kvanli, Diana Turner, Leslie Shaw and David Margolis
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:16
  34. The high rate of HIV-1 mutation and increasing resistance to currently available antiretroviral (ART) therapies highlight the need for new antiviral agents. Products derived from natural sources have been show...

    Authors: Elena E Paskaleva, Xudong Lin, Wen Li, Robin Cotter, Michael T Klein, Emily Roberge, Er K Yu, Bruce Clark, Jean-Claude Veille, Yanze Liu, David Y-W Lee and Mario Canki
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:15
  35. Although the impact of Aboriginal status on HIV incidence, HIV disease progression, and access to treatment has been investigated previously, little is known about the relationship between Aboriginal ethnicity...

    Authors: Viviane D Lima, Patricia Kretz, Anita Palepu, Simon Bonner, Thomas Kerr, David Moore, Mark Daniel, Julio SG Montaner and Robert S Hogg
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:14
  36. The Rev protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) facilitates the nuclear export of intron containing viral mRNAs allowing formation of infectious virions. Rev traffics through the nucleolus and shuttl...

    Authors: Alessandro Michienzi, Fernanda G De Angelis, Irene Bozzoni and John J Rossi
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:13
  37. Current anti-AIDS therapeutic agents and treatment regimens can provide a dramatically improved quality of life for HIV-positive people, many of whom have no detectable viral load for prolonged periods of time...

    Authors: Li Wan, Xiaoping Zhang, Simi Gunaseelan, Shahriar Pooyan, Olivia Debrah, Michael J Leibowitz, Arnold B Rabson, Stanley Stein and Patrick J Sinko
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:12
  38. Efavirenz is the preferred non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for first-line antiretroviral treatment in many countries. For women of childbearing potential, advantages of efavirenz are balanced by...

    Authors: Matthew F Chersich, Michael F Urban, Francois WD Venter, Tina Wessels, Amanda Krause, Glenda E Gray, Stanley Luchters and Dennis L Viljoen
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:11
  39. Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces mortality in the developed world, it remains undocumented in resource-poor settings. We assessed the effect of HAART on patient mortality and tuber...

    Authors: Degu Jerene, Are Næss and Bernt Lindtjørn
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:10
  40. Co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is not infrequent as both share same route of exposure. The risk of developing chronic hepatitis B virus is 6%, in general popul...

    Authors: Patricia Cornejo-Juárez, Patricia Volkow-Fernández, Kenia Escobedo-López, Diana Vilar-Compte, Guillermo Ruiz-Palacios and Luis Enrique Soto-Ramírez
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:9
  41. Co-infections of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. Tb) are steadily increasing and represent a major health crisis in many developing countries. Both pathogens individually sti...

    Authors: Soichi Haraguchi, Noorbibi K Day, Wasu Kamchaisatian, Macarena Beigier-Pompadre, Steffen Stenger, Nutthapong Tangsinmankong, John W Sleasman, Salvatore V Pizzo and George J Cianciolo
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:8
  42. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of twice daily, intra-vaginal use of 0.5% PRO 2000 Gel for fourteen days in HIV un-infected women at lower as well as higher risk for HIV acquisition, in ...

    Authors: Joshi Smita, Dutta Soma, Bell Beverly, Profy Albert, Kuruc JoAnn, Gai Fang, Cianciola Missy, Soto-Torres Lydia, Panchanadikar Anjali, Risbud Arun, Mehendale Sanjay and Reynolds Steven J
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2006 3:4