Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey

Table 6 Model of the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic, health, HIV-related variables and HIV status as a mediator

Psychological distress	OR	95% CI		p-value
HIV status: Positive	1.213	1.068	1.377	0.003
Age group (years)
15–24	Ref
25 to 49	1.445	1.285	1.626	< 0.001
50+	1.399	1.213	1.612	< 0.001
Sex: Female	1.624	1.470	1.794	< 0.001
Race: African
Other	0.539	0.478	0.608	< 0.001
Marital status: Married	0.813	0.730	0.905	< 0.001
Educational level
Primary	Ref
Secondary	0.880	0.786	0.984	0.025
Tertiary	0.712	0.578	0.877	0.001
Employment status: Employed	0.778	0.702	0.861	< 0.001
Asset based SES: High	1.015	0.901	1.143	0.805
Locality type
Urban formal	Ref
Urban informal	0.960	0.827	1.115	0.596
Rural informal	0.774	0.679	0.883	< 0.001
Rural formal	0.773	0.656	0.911	0.002
Alcohol use AUDIT score
Abstainers	Ref
Low risk drinkers (1–7)	0.906	0.811	1.012	0.079
High risk drinkers (8–19)	1.885	1.612	2.204	< 0.001
Hazardous drinkers (20 +)	4.418	3.116	6.265	< 0.001
Self-related health: Good/Excellent	0.409	0.369	0.455	< 0.001
Ever test for HIV: Yes	1.187	1.052	1.340	0.005
Know HIV results: Yes	1.024	0.917	1.142	0.676
Self-perceived risk of HIV: Yes	0.945	0.847	1.053	0.302
Externalsed HIV related stigma: Yes	0.926	0.848	1.011	0.087

SES Socio-economic status, AUDIT Alcohol risk score based on a questionnaire for Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and scores used for categorisation within parentheses, OR Odds ratio, CI confidence intervals. Subtotals do not total (n) due to non-response and/or missing data

ISSN: 1742-6405