Early ART-initiation and longer ART duration reduces HIV-1 proviral DNA levels in children from the CHER trial

Table 3 Follow-up

	ART-Def, Median (IQR) [N] or N (%)	ART-40 W, Median (IQR) [N] or N (%)	ART-96 W, Median (IQR) [N] or N (%)	Total, Median (IQR) [N] or N (%)
Duration of ART (weeks)^a,b
By week 96	84 (72, 84) [44]	–	96 (96, 96) [73]	96 (84, 96) [117]
By week 248	228 (211, 240) [70]	220 (196, 235) [56]	216 (168, 247) [43]	220 (200, 240) [169]
Duration of viral suppression (weeks)^c
By week 248	200 (163, 214) [70]	163 (110, 192) [56]	164 (108, 200) [43]	179 (132, 204) [169]
Anti-gp120 IgG at week 84	5208 (812; 24,751) [60]	–	218 (133,662) [87]	420 (169; 13,129) [147]
HIV-1 serology at week 84
Negative	8 (10.1%)	0 (0%)	41 (43.6%)	49 (21.4%)
Positive	52 (65.8%)	0 (0%)	44 (46.8%)	96 (41.9%)
Not determined	19 (24.1%)	56 (100%)	9 (9.6%)	84 (36.7%)
CD4%
At week 96	35 (31, 40) [44]	31 (29, 34) [2]	37 (31, 42) [72]	37 (31, 41) [118]
At week 248	36 (33, 40) [70]	34 (29, 39) [54]	32 (27, 36) [43]	35 (30, 39) [167]
CD4 count (cells/μl)
At week 96	1650 (1244, 2227) [44]	1696 (1595, 1797) [2]	1647 (1131, 2043) [72]	1650 (1190, 2063) [118]
At week 248	1175 (885, 1562) [70]	1110 (866, 1349) [54]	1039 (755, 1374) [43]	1115 (866, 1428) [167]
HIV-1 DNA (copies/10⁶ PBMC)
At week 40	–	–	317 (44, 884) [8]	317 (44, 884) [8]
At week 96	2415 (499, 7450) [44]	–	325 (53, 3670) [73]	681 (106, 5580) [117]
At week 156	2290 (513; 13,700) [13]	–	–	2290 (513; 13,700) [13]
At week 204	625 (175, 2140) [13]	–	–	625 (175, 2140) [13]
At week 248	1165 (167; 10,900) [70]	4165 (294; 26,150) [56]	915 (172; 15,400) [43]	1220 (184; 17,300) [169]
At week 252	58 (18, 129) [10]	–	–	58 (18, 129) [10]

^aDuration of ART by w96 was determined by calculating time from ART start to w96 HIV DNA measurement i.e., duration of ART by w96 (Arm 1/3) = [w96 HIV DNA date − ART start date] days
^bDuration of ART by w248 was determined as follows:
•→Arm 1: calculating time from ART start to w248 HIV DNA measurement i.e., duration of ART by w248 (Arm 1) = [w248 HIV DNA date − ART start date] days.
•→Arms 2 and 3: summing the time from ART start to ART interruption and time from ART restart to w248 HIV DNA measurement, i.e., duration of ART w248 (Arm 2/3) = [ART interruption date − ART start date] + [w248 HIV DNA date − ART restart date] days.
^cDuration of VL suppression by w248 was calculated by summing all the periods of time VL < 400 copies/ml. Single isolated VL spikes (i.e., VL ≥ 400 copies/ml) preceded and followed by VL < 400 copies/ml were allowed and counted as VL suppressed

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