Table 4 Factors associated with ESBL Production among HIV infected children at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2020
Variable | Category | ESBL carriage | COR (95% CI) | P-value | AOR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes N (%) | N (%) | ||||||
Gender | Male | 13 (16.9) | 64 (83.1) | 1 | Â | Â | Â |
Female | 18 (21.4) | 66 (78.6) | 1.34 (0.61–2.96) | 0.47 |  |  | |
Age (years) | Less than or equal to10 | 7 (18.9) | 30 (81.1) | 1 | Â | Â | Â |
11–15 | 24 (19.4) | 100 (80.6) | 1.03 (0.40–2.62) | 0.95 |  |  | |
Residence | Urban | 28 (20) | 112 (80) | 1 | Â | Â | Â |
Rural | 3 (14.3) | 18 (85.7) | 0.67 (0.18–2.42) | 0.54 |  |  | |
Family income per month | Up to 1000 ETB | 15 (19.5) | 62 (80.5) | 0.97 (0.34–2.79) | 0.98 |  |  |
1000–2000 ETB | 10 (18.5) | 44 (81.5) | 0.91 (0.29–2.81) | 0.87 |  |  | |
Above 2000 ETB | 6 (20) | 24 (80) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
Family size | Down to 4 | 21 (18.6) | 92 (81.4) | 1 | Â | Â | Â |
5–8 | 10 (20.8) | 38 (79.2) | 1.15 (0.50–2.68) | 0.74 |  |  | |
Family educational status | No | 6 (10.9) | 49 (89.1) | 0.46 (0.16–1.33) | 0.15 | 0.47 (0.15–1.30) | 0.13 |
Primary school | 13 (26.5) | 36 (73.5) | 1.35 (0.55–3.33) | 0.51 | 1.27 (0.5–3.17) | 0.61 | |
Secondary school & above | 12 (21.1) | 45 (78.9) | 1 | Â | 1 | Â | |
WHO stage | I | 29 (18.7) | 126 (81.3) | 1 | Â | Â | Â |
II | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 2.17 (0.38–12.44) | 0.38 |  |  | |
BAZ | Underweight | 8 (26.7) | 22 (73.3) | 1.71 (0.68–4.31) | 0.26 |  |  |
Normal | 23 (17.6) | 108 (82.4) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
HAZ | Stunted | 12 (16) | 63 (84) | 1.45 (0.67–3.32) | 0.33 |  |  |
Normal | 19 (22.1) | 67 (77.9) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
Presence of fever | Yes | 4 (20) | 16 (80) | 1.06 (0.33–3.41) | 0.93 |  |  |
No | 27 (19.1) | 114 (80.9) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
Opportunistic infections | Yes | 6 (26.1) | 17 (73.9) | 1.60 (0.57–4.45) | 0.37 |  |  |
No | 25 (18.1) | 113 (81.9) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
Diarrhea | Yes | 3 (23.1) | 10 (76.9) | 1.29 (0.33–4.98) | 0.72 |  |  |
No | 28 (18.9) | 120 (81.1) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
History of antibiotic use | Yes | 6 (40) | 9 (60) | 3.23 (1.05–9.88) | 0.04 | 3.2 (1.05–9.9) | 0.04 |
No | 25 (17.1) | 121 (82.9) | 1 | Â | 1 | Â | |
Eating animal products | Yes | 24 (21.8) | 86 (78.2) | 1.75 (0.70–4.39) | 0.23 |  |  |
No | 7 (13.7) | 44 (86.3) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
Eating green vegetables | Yes | 23 (20.2) | 91 (79.8) | 1.23 (0.51–2.99) | 0.65 |  |  |
No | 8 (17) | 39 (83) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
Cytopenia | Normal | 21 (19.6) | 86 (80.4) | 1 | Â | Â | Â |
Cytopenia | 10 (18.5) | 44 (81.5) | 0.93 (0.40–2.14) | 0.87 |  |  | |
Viral load |  ≤ 1000 copy /ml | 6 (13.6) | 16 (69.6) | 0.53 (0.19–1.51) | 0.24 |  |  |
 > 1000 copy/ml | 11 (19.6) | 45 (80.4) | 0.82 (0.34–2.00) | 0.66 |  |  | |
Not detected | 14 (23) | 47 (77) | 1 | Â | Â | Â | |
HAART type | AZT based | 10 (18.2) | 45 (81.8) | 0.78 (0.29–2.08) | 0.62 |  |  |
|  | TDF based | 11 (18) | 50 (82) | 0.77 (0.29–2.01) | 0.59 |  |  |
| Â | ABC based | 10 (22.2) | 35 (77.8) | 1 | Â | Â | Â |