Table 3 HIV drug resistance mutations among Chinese patients with acquired drug resistance from 2003 to 2015 (9–24 months of first-line ART)
Antiretroviral drugs | Total | 2003–2008 | 2009–2012 | 2013–2015 | Resistance mutations (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
Total | 402 | 100.0 | 292 | 100.0 | 73 | 100.0 | 37 | 100.0 | V90I/V (3.5), A98G (2.2), L100I (1.0), K101E/N (9.5), K103N (49.5), V106A/M/I (9.2), V108I (2.7), E138A/G/K (1.7), V179D/T/E (6.0), V181C/I/V (12.9), Y188F/H/L/Y (5.2), G190A/S/R (9.5), H221Y (0.7), P225H (1.7), F227L (2.5), M230L (1.5), K238N/T (1.0) |
NNRTI and NRTI | 215 | 53.5 | 145 | 49.7 | 43 | 58.9 | 27 | 73.0 | |
NNRTI (any) | 338 | 84.1 | 235 | 80.5 | 68 | 93.2 | 35 | 94.6 | |
Efavirenz (EFV)* | 334 | 83.1 | 232 | 79.5 | 67 | 91.8 | 35 | 94.6 | |
Nevirapine (NVP)* | 337 | 83.8 | 235 | 80.5 | 67 | 91.8 | 35 | 94.6 | |
Delavirdine (DLV) | 231 | 57.5 | 215 | 73.6 | 16 | 21.9 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Etravirine (ETV) | 70 | 17.4 | 30 | 10.3 | 19 | 26.0 | 21 | 56.8 | |
Rilpivirine (RPV) | 47 | 11.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 23 | 31.5 | 24 | 64.9 | |
NRTI (any) | 271 | 67.4 | 200 | 68.5 | 44 | 60.3 | 27 | 73.0 | M41L (10.2), A62V (1.0), K65R (8.5), D67N/G/DN (13.4), T69N (5.0), K70E/R (4.0), L74I/V (3.0), V75A/M/T (2.2), Y115F (2.5), M184I/V (32.3), T215C/D/F/I/S/Y (7.2), K219E (2.2) |
Emtricitabine (FTC) | 198 | 49.3 | 130 | 44.5 | 43 | 58.9 | 25 | 67.6 | |
Lamivudine (3TC)* | 197 | 49.0 | 129 | 44.2 | 43 | 58.9 | 25 | 67.6 | |
Abacavir (ABC) | 195 | 48.5 | 126 | 43.2 | 43 | 58.9 | 26 | 70.3 | |
Didanosine (ddI)* | 171 | 42.5 | 126 | 43.2 | 23 | 31.5 | 22 | 59.5 | |
Stavudine (d4T)* | 162 | 40.3 | 125 | 42.8 | 18 | 24.7 | 19 | 51.4 | |
Tenofovir (TDF)* | 129 | 32.1 | 96 | 32.9 | 15 | 20.5 | 18 | 48.6 | |
Azidothymidine (AZT)* | 126 | 31.3 | 114 | 39.0 | 8 | 11.0 | 4 | 10.8 | |
PI (any) | 20 | 5.0 | 6 | 2.1 | 10 | 13.7 | 4 | 10.8 | V32L/E (0.7), M46I (1.5), G48E (0.2), I54V (0.7), L76S (0.2), G73C/S (0.1), L90M/S (0.5) |
Tipranavir (TPV) | 7 | 1.7 | 4 | 1.4 | 3 | 4.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Fosamprenavir (FPV) | 5 | 1.2 | 2 | 0.7 | 3 | 4.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Lopinavir (LPV)* | 3 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.3 | 2 | 2.7 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Nelfinavir (NFV) | 15 | 3.7 | 4 | 1.4 | 7 | 9.6 | 4 | 10.8 | |
Atazanavir (ATV) | 6 | 1.5 | 3 | 1.0 | 3 | 4.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Darunavir (DRV) | 2 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.3 | 1 | 1.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Indinavir (IDV) | 6 | 1.5 | 3 | 1.0 | 3 | 4.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Saquinavir (SQV) | 6 | 1.5 | 3 | 1.0 | 3 | 4.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |