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Table 1 Population characteristics and viral suppression levels

From: Viral suppression in adults, adolescents and children receiving antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon: adolescents at high risk of virological failure in the era of “test and treat

Variable

Overalla

N = 1946

< 50 copies/mLb

N = 1305 (67.1%)

< 1000 copies/mLb

N = 1546 (79.4%)

≥ 1000 copies/mLb

N = 400 (20.6%)

p-value*

Age in year, median (IQR)

41 (34–50)

41 (34–50)

42 (34–50)

39 (33–49)

< 0.001

Year of cART start, median (IQR)

2012 (2009–2014)

2012 (2009–2014)

2012 (2009–2014)

2011 (2008–2013)

< 0.001

Duration on cART in month, median (IQR)

48 (24–48)

48 (24–48)

48 (24–48)

48 (36–48)

0.001

Gender, n (%)

 Male

573 (29.4)

352 (61.4)

435 (75.9)

138 (24.1)

0.013

 Female

1373 (70.6)

953 (69.4)

1111 (80.9)

262 (19.1)

Age groups, n (%)

  

 Children

41 (2.1)

25 (61.0)

31 (75.6)

10 (24.4)

 

 Adolescents

105 (5.4)

46 (43.8)

56 (53.3)

49 (46.7)

< 0.001

 Adults

1800 (92.5)

1234 (68.6)

1459 (81.1)

341 (18.9)

 

Therapeutic regimen, n (%)

 First line

1841 (94.6)

1261 (68.5)

1471 (79.9)

370 (20.1)

0.037

 Second line

105 (5.4)

44 (41.9)

75 (71.4)

30 (28.6)

ARV combination, n (%)

 TDF + 3TC + EFV

1070 (55.0)

770 (72.0)

890 (83.2)

180 (16.8)

< 0.001

 Other 1st line ARVc

771 (39.6)

491 (63.7)

581 (75.4)

190 (24.6)

 ATVr or LPVr  Based ARVd

105 (5.4)

44 (41.9)

75 (71.4)

30 (28.6)

Circumstance of diagnosis, n (%)

 Consultation

967 (49.7)

625 (64.6)

750 (77.6)

217 (22.4)

< 0.001

 Voluntary

549 (28.2)

396 (72.1)

461 (84.0)

88 (16.0)

 PMTCT

210 (10.8)

153 (72.9)

180 (85.7)

30 (14.3)

 At birth

41 (2.1)

22 (53.7)

25 (61.0)

16 (39.0)

 Other/unknown

179 (9.2)

109 (60.9)

130 (72.6)

49 (27.4)

Urban vs rural, n (%)

 Urban

1737 (89.3)

1171 (67.4)

1388 (79.9)

349 (20.1)

0.004

 Rural

144 (7.4)

98 (68.1)

117 (81.2)

27 (18.8)

 Unknown

65 (3.3)

36 (55.4)

41 (63.1)

24 (36.9)

  1. cART combined antiretroviral therapy, ARV antiretroviral, TDF tenofovir, 3TC lamivudine, EFV efavirenz, ATVr ritonavir boosted atazanavir, LPVr ritonavir boosted lopinavir, PMTCT prevention from mother to child transmission, IQR interquartile range
  2. aPercentages in this column represent column percentage
  3. bPercentages in this column represents row percentage
  4. cOther first line ARV [3TC + d4T + NVP (n = 1), ABC + 3TC + EFV (n = 12), ABC + 3TC + NVP (n = 5), AZT + 3TC + EFV (n = 51), AZT + 3TC + EFV (n = 486), TDF + 3TC + NVP (n = 216)
  5. dLopinavir based (n = 31) and atazanavir based (n = 68). * p-value for virological success at < 1000 copies/mL