Table 2 Common overlapping adverse events of first-line antituberculous drugs and antiretroviral drugs

Skin reaction [108]

Rifamycins, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin

Nevirapine, efavirenz, abacavir

Morbilliform rashes, Steven Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, fixed drug eruption, lichenoid drug eruptions and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis

Liver toxicity [109–112]

Rifamycins, isoniazid, pyrazinamide

Nevirapine, efavirenz, protease inhibitors

Transaminitis, cholestatic hepatitis

Renal toxicity [113]

Tenofovir

Streptomycin, rifamycins

Tubulo-interstitial nephritis, proximal tubulopathy, acute renal failure