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Table 1 Clinical and laboratory characteristics of DSP and symptomatic DSP in the ritonavir/lopinavir-group (n = 86)

From: Sensory neuropathy and metabolic risk factors in human immune deficiency virus infected South Africans receiving protease inhibitors

 

Normal value

No DSP (n = 19)

DSP (n = 67)

P value

Symptomatic DSP (n = 41)

P value

Age, years

 

33 (27–36)

37 (33–43)

0.007

37 (34–42)

0.007

Female, n (%)

 

17 (89)

55 (82)

0.45

33 (80)

0.39

Alcohola, n (%)

 

8 (42)

21 (32)

0.41

14 (34)

0.55

Previous TB, n (%)

 

12 (63)

49 (74)

0.35

35 (85)

0.059

Total d-drug exposure, mo.

 

26 (12–36)

24 (18–38)

0.67

22 (15–39)

0.53

Stavudine exposure, mo.

 

15 (11–34)

15 (10–22)

0.33

15 (8–25)

0.32

Didanosine exposure, mo.

 

19 (12–21)

13 (7–23)

0.24

13.5 (7–25.5)

0.29

LPV/r exposure, mo.

 

21 (12–35)

18 (10–26)

0.08

18 (10–26)

0.24

CD4 nadir, cells/µL

 

84 (54–180)

96 (37–122)

0.28

68 (25–120)

0.13

CD4 current, cells/µL

 

576 (467–726)

418 (251–610)

0.030

472 (251–752)

0.15

Viral load at ART initiation

 

184,563 (30,438–244,623)

96,645 (36,820–241,495)

0.54

108,572 (36,858–280,000)

0.92

Height (m)

 

1.64 (1.63–1.66)

1.61 (1.56–1.65)

0.15

1.62 (1.58–1.68)

0.45

Weight (kg)

 

95 (70–98)

64 (57–76)

<0.001

68.5 (59.9–82)

0.008

Body mass index (kg/m2)

<25

34.5 (26.0–38.5)

25.1 (23.3–29.5)

0.005

26.1 (23.26–30.29)

0.018

Waist circumference (cm)

 

103.7 (92.5–109.5)

85.0 (78.5–93.5)

0.001

87.0 (78.5–99)

0.017

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

 

110 (103–125)

107 (102–109)

0.13

107 (102–119)

0.15

Pre-diabetes, n (%)

 

5 (26)

22 (33)

0.59

11 (27)

0.97

Diabetes, n (%)

 

2 (11)

6 (9)

0.84

4 (10)

0.93

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

<5.17

4.58 (4.13–5.49)

4.33 (3.69–5.35)

0.56

3.98 (3.66–5.05)

0.20

HDL (mmol/L)

>1.03

0.93 (0.75–1.20)

0.99 (0.80–1.17)

0.79

0.98 (0.76–1.17)

0.99

LDL (mmol/L)

<2.60

3.18 (2.66–3.39)

2.56 (2.18–3.14)

0.21

2.46 (2.12–3.00)

0.06

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

<1.70

1.23 (0.97–1.57)

1.36 (0.89–1.92)

0.91

1.29 (0.93–1.79)

0.79

Fasting lactate (mmol/L)

<1.5

2.3 (1.5–2.9)

2.1 (1.7–2.8)

0.73

2.2 (1.7–3.0)

0.81

  1. All continuous variables shown as median value (inter quartile range). Pre-diabetes defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥5.6 mmol/L but <7.0 mmol/L or 2-h plasma glucose during the oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT] ≥7.8 mmol/L but <11.1 mmol/L. Diabetes defined as FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2-h OGTT ≥11.1 mmol/L
  2. DSP distal sensory polyneuropathy, defined by the presence of ≥1 neuropathic sign, symptomatic DSP DSP in the presence ≥1 neuropathic symptom, Mo. months, LPV/r ritonavir/lopinavir
  3. Italic values indicate statistically significant P values
  4. aAny alcohol use in the past 12 months. P values for DSP and symptomatic DSP derived by comparing with no DSP
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AIDS Research and Therapy

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