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Table 4 Risk factors for poor quality of life

From: Lipodystrophy among HIV-infected patients: a cross-sectional study on impact on quality of life and mental health disorders

 

Poor quality of lifea (≤50% visual score)

Univariate regression

M1: p-value ≤0.2 in univariate model regression

M2: Clinical risk factors

OR (95%IC)

p-values

OR (95%IC)

p-values

OR (95%IC)

p-values

Patient characteristics

 Age (≥50 years)

0.62 (0.35–1.11)

0.109*

1.16 (0.38–3.54)

0.794

1.73 (0.52–5.68)

0.365

 Gender (F)

2.09 (1.16–3.74)

0.014*

1.05 (0.35–3.10)

0.930

1.49 (0.46–4.78)

0.502

 BMI (≥30 kg/m2)b

0.90 (0.53–2.33)

0.828

–

–

1.01 (0.14–7.18)

0.988

 Triglycerides (≥2.0 mmol/L)

0.62 (0.33–1.16)

0.135*

0.60 (0.19–1.94)

0.397

  

HIV characteristics

 HIV duration (≥ 10 years)

0.43 (0.21–0.92)

0.030*

0.14 (0.03–0.79)

0.026**

0.10 (0.01–0.63)

0.014**

 CDC HIV stage (B&C)c

1.52 (0.84-–2.77)

0.170*

0.81 (0.27–2.39)

0.697

0.95 (0.30–3.00)

0.936

 CD4 (≤300 cells/mm3)

0.57 (0.20–1.64)

0.300

–

–

0.09 (0.01–1.04)

0.054

 HIV viral load (≥40 copy/mL)

2.55 (1.04–6.2)

0.039*

10.4 (1.73–2.55)

0.011**

10.39 (1.79–60.16)

0.009**

 Current use of efavirenz

1.46 (0.69–3.06)

0.316

–

–

  

Questionnaire assessments

 Severe LD (LDCD score ≥23 points)d

1.02 (0.45–2.33)

0.949

6.25 (1.33–29.40)

0.020**

5.22 (1.07–25.37)

0.040**

 HOPS score:e

  Atrophy observed by patients

0.51 (0.27–0.99)

0.047*

0.49 (0.12–2.07)

0.334

0.27 (0.05–1.40)

0.120

  Atrophy observed by physicians

0.51 (0.26–1.00)

0.051*

1.13 (0.30–4.26)

0.860

1.47 (0.37–5.84)

0.580

  Hypertrophy observed by patients

1.37 (0.73–2.58)

0.325

–

–

0.50 (0.10–2.49)

0.396

  Hypertrophy observed by physicians

0.75 (0.38–1.47)

0.400

–

–

0.56 (0.13–2.39)

0.438

  Presence of depression (BDI score ≥19)f

7.33 (3.64–14.77)

0.001*

3.62 (0.99–13.27)

0.053

4.67 (1.08–20.31)

0.040**

  Presence of anxiety (STAI-Y-B score ≥46)g

8.44 (4.37–16.30)

0.001*

7.10 (1.99–25.30)

0.003**

7.83 (1.91–32.03)

0.004**

  1. aQuality of Life Quantitative scale numbered 0%–100 according to the short version of EQ-5D-3L score.
  2. bBMI: body mass index (bodyweight in kilogram/(height in meter).
  3. cCDC HIV stage: according to CDC Classification System for HIV Infection used by the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
  4. dSevere LD: according to LDCD score Lipodystrophy Case Definition by Carr et al.
  5. eAtrophy/Hypertrophy observed by patients/physicians: according to HOPS score by Lichtenchtein et al.
  6. fPresence of depression: according to Beck Depression Inventory score by Beck definition (BDI).
  7. gPresence of anxiety: according to State Trait Anxiety Inventory by Spielberger definition (STAI-Y-B).
  8. * Significant p-value in univariate model <0.2.
  9. ** Significant p-value <0.05.
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AIDS Research and Therapy

ISSN: 1742-6405

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