Table 2 Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with excessive weight gain in ALHIV on DTG in Kampala, Uganda

Sex

Male

85 (55.6)

0

1.00

Female

68 (44.4)

12 (100)

∞

ART experience

Treatment-naïve prior DTG start

13 (8.5)

0

1.00 (ref)

Treatment-experienced prior DTG start

140 (91.5)

12 (100)

∞

NRTI backbone prior DTG start

Abacavir-based

57 (40.7)

4 (33.3)

1.00

Zidovudine-based

63 (45.0)

7 (58.3

1.58 (0.44–5.69)

0.482

TDF-based

20 (14.3)

1 (8.3)

0.71 (0.08–6.76)

0.768

NNRTI backbone* prior DTG start

EFV/NVP-based

101(72.1)

8 (66.7)

1.00 (ref)

PI-based

39 (27.9)

4 (33.7)

1.29 (0.37–4.55)

0.687

Duration on DTG

1-<2yr

39 (25.5)

4 (33.3)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

2-<3yr

46 (30.1)

3 (25.0)

0.64 (0.13–3.02)

0.569

0.60 (0.12–2.96)

0.380

3- <5yr

68 (44.4)

5 (41.7)

0.73 (0.18–2.83)

0.635

0.88 (0.21–3.69)

0.939

Viral load at DTG start

Unsuppressed (≥ 1,000 copies/ml)

5 (3.3)

0

1.00 (ref)

Suppressed (< 1,000 copies/ml)

133 (86.9)

12 (100)

∞

Unknown/Not applicable

15 (9.8)

0

∞

Current viral load

Unsuppressed (≥ 1,000 copies/ml)

5 (3.3)

0

∞

Suppressed (< 1,000copies/ml)

142 (92.8)

11 (91.7)

0.46(0.05–4.21)

0.496

041(0.04–4.24)

0.453

Unknown/Not applicable

6 (3.9)

1 (8.3)

∞

∞

Experienced drug side effects after DTG start

No

130 (85.0)

7 (58.3)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Yes

23 (15.0)

5 (41.7)

4.04 (1.18–13.8)

0.026

4.20 (1.20-14.71)

0.025

Physical activity

No

26 (17.0)

4 (33.3)

1.00 (ref)

Yes

127 (83.0)

8 (66.7)

0.41 (0.11–1.46)

0.169

Previous opportunistic infections

No

147 (96.1)

11 (91.7)

1.00 (ref)

Yes

6 (3.9)

1 (8.3)

2.23 (0.25–20.2)

0.476

Blood pressure

Normal (< 90th percentile /<120/80 mmHg)

90 (58.8)

8 (66.7)

1.00 (ref

Elevated (≥ 90th percentile /≥120/80mmHg)

63 (41.2)

4 (33.3)

0.714 (0.21–2.46)

0.596

Blood glucose

Normal

141 (92.2)

12 (100)

1.00 (ref)

Pre-diabetic

12 (7.8)

0

∞

High

0

0

∞

Triglycerides

Acceptable (< 90 mg/dl)

90 (58.8)

9 (75.0)

1.00 (ref)

Borderline High (90-129 mg/dl)

47 (30.5)

3 (25.0)

0.64 (0.16–2.87)

0.516

High (≥ 130 mg/dl)

16 (10.5)

0

∞

Total cholesterol

Acceptable (< 170 mg/dl)

141 (92.2)

10 (83.3)

1.00 (ref)

Borderline High (170-199 mg/dl)

12 (7.8)

1 (8.3)

1.18 (0.14–9.94)

0.882

High (≥ 200 mg/dl)

0

1 (8.3)

∞

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol

Acceptable (< 110 mg/dl)

142 (92.8)

10 (83.3)

1.00 (ref)

Borderline High (110-129 mg/dl)

11 (7.2)

2 (16.7)

2.58 (0.50–13.2)

0.256

High (≥ 130 mg/dl)

0

0

∞

High density lipoprotein cholesterol

Acceptable (> 45 mg/dl)

30 (19.6)

4 (33.3)

1.00 (ref)

Borderline Low (40-45 mg/dl)

33 (21.6)

3 (25.0)

0.68 (0.14–3.29)

0.634

Low (< 40 mg/dl)

90(58.8)

5 (41.7)

0.42 (0.11–1.65)

0.213