Table 1 Baseline clinical and demographic characteristics of the study participants

Age, Median (IQR)

31 (28, 37)

Sex

 Female

37

58.7

Male

26

41.3

Baseline CD4 cell count, Median (IQR)

284 (158, 518)

Level of education

 Primary

33

52.4

 Secondary

26

41.3

 Tertiary

4

6.3

Religion

 Christian

49

77.8

 Muslim

14

22.2

Residence

 Rural

1

1.6

 Urban

62

98.4

Employment

 No

9

14.3

 Yes

54

85.7

Marital status

 Single

33

52.4

 Married

30

47.6

Tuberculosis status at baseline

 No symptoms

52

82.5

 TB suspect

10

15.9

 TB disease

1

1.6

Baseline blood pressure

 Normal BP

52

82.5

 Pre-hypertension

8

12.7

 Hypertension

3

4.8

HIV clinical stage

 Stage 1

61

96.8

 Stage 2

1

1.6

 Stage 3

1

1.6

Body Mass Index (BMI)

 Underweight (< 18.5)

7

11.1

 Normal (18.5–24.9)

41

65.1

 Overweight (25.0-29.9)

14

22.2

 Obese (≥ 30)

1

1.6

Waist circumference

 Normal

44

69.8

 Increased risk of cardiometabolic complications

10

15.9

 Substantially increased risk of cardiometabolic complications

9

14.3

Smoking status

 Smoker

6

9.5

 Non-smoker

57

90.5

Physical activity

 GPAQ < 600 MET minutes

8

12.7

 GPAQ ≥ 600 MET minutes

55

87.3

Alcohol consumption

 No consumption

33

52.4

 Low risk alcohol consumption

19

30.2

 Hazardous alcohol consumption

6

9.5

 Risk of alcohol dependence

5

7.9

24-week viral loads (Proxy baseline VL), n = 62

 Virologically suppressed

63

100

Anti-GAD antibody

 Negative

63

100

Anti-IA2 antibody status

 Negative

61

96.8

 Positive

2

3.2

Laboratory investigations, Median (IQR)

 Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.86 (0.77, 0.98)

 LDL (mg/dl)

75.2 (53.8, 90.3)

 HDL (mg/dl)

29.6 (24.9, 35.8)

 Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

130.9 (111.2, 158.7)

 Triglycerides (mg/dl)

95.2 (71.3, 124.0)