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Table 4 Factors associated with Unsafe Sex in the past 6 months among sexually-active participants, adjusted for intra-client clustering

From: Sexual behavior of HIV-positive adults not accessing HIV treatment in Mombasa, Kenya: Defining their prevention needs

  

US-6 months

  

Variable

Prevalence % (n)

Crude Odds (95% CI)

P value

Adjusted Odds (95% CI)

P value

Sex of respondent

     

   Male (n = 179)

36.3 (65)

1.0

---

---

---

   Female (n = 437)

46.2 (202)

1.51 (0.88-2.59)

0.14

2.10 (1.13-3.90)

0.018

Age

     

   18-24 years (n = 106)

42.5 (45)

0.85 (0.44-1.65)

0.64

  

   25-34 years (n = 291)

46.4 (135)

1.0

---

  

   35-44 years (184)

39.7 (73)

0.76 (0.46-1.26)

0.29

  

   45+ (n = 35)

40.0 (14)

0.77 (0.31-1.94)

0.58

  

Marital status

     

   Married or cohabiting (n = 232)

44.8 (104)

1.0

---

  

   Never married (n = 184)

41.3 (76)

0.87 (0.49-1.51)

0.61

  

   Divorced, separated, or widowed (n = 200)

43.5 (87)

0.95 (0.59-1.53)

0.83

  

Highest education level

     

   No education (n = 42)

52.4 (22)

1.32 (0.53-3.26)

0.55

0.53 (0.20-1.37)

0.19

   Primary (n = 378)

45.5 (172)

1.0

---

---

---

   Secondary (n = 179)

39.1 (70)

0.77 (0.47-1.26)

0.30

1.21 (0.63-2.32)

0.56

   University (n = 17)

17.7 (3)

0.26 (0.07-0.98)

0.05

0.82 (0.22-3.03)

0.77

Sex of partner

     

   Male (n = 481)

44.3 (213)

1.0

---

  

   Female (n = 135)

40.0 (54)

0.84 (0.49-1.42)

0.52

  

Type of partner

     

   Regular (n = 406)

48.3 (196)

1.80 (0.88-3.68)

0.11

  

   Casual (n = 128)

33.6 (43)

0.98 (0.41-2.32)

0.96

  

   Sex worker (n = 82)

34.2 (28)

1.0

---

  

Attends HIV clinic

     

   Yes (n = 122)

25.6 (36)

0.47 (0.29-0.78)

0.003

0.60 (0.34-1.06)

0.08

   No (n = 494)

46.8 (231)

1.0

---

1.0

---

Time since diagnosis

     

   < 12 months (n = 265)

52.8 (140)

1.0

---

---

---

   12-24 months (n = 131)

37.4 (49)

0.53 (0.30-0.94)

0.03

0.61 (0.33-1.31)

0.12

   2 months (n = 197)

35.0 (69)

0.48 (0.28-0.82)

0.01

0.74 (0.42-1.30)

0.31

Knowledge: re-infection with new strain

     

   Yes (n = 426)

36.8 (157)

1.0

 

1.0

 

   No/Does not know (n = 190)

57.9 (110)

2.35 (1.43-3.86)

0.001

1.27 (0.71-2.27)

0.41

Disclosure to partner

     

   Yes (n = 228)

31.1 (71)

1.0

---

---

---

   No (n = 388)

50.5 (196)

2.26 (1.52-3.35)

< 0.001

2.38 (1.47-3.84)

< 0.001

Transmission concerns

     

   Yes (n = 394)

43.7 (172)

1.0

---

  

   No (n = 222)

42.8 (95)

0.97 (0.63-1.49)

0.87

  

Had STI in past 6 month s

     

   Yes (n = 145)

42.8 (62)

0.97 (0.58-1.63)

0.91

  

   No (n = 471)

43.5 (205)

1.0

----

  

Perceived internalized stigma

     

   Minimal/Low (n = 98)

17.4 (17)

1.0

---

---

---

   Moderate (n = 431)

46.9 (202)

4.20 (2.22-7.95)

< 0.001

2.94 (1.50-5.75)

0.002

   High (n = 87)

55.2 (48)

5.86 (2.60-13.21)

< 0.001

1.93 (0.74-5.03)

0.18

Tired of using condoms

     

   Agree (n = 253)

49.8 (126)

1.99 (1.26-3.14)

0.003

1.35 (0.80-2.25)

0.25

   Disagree (n = 319)

33.2 (106)

1.0

---

---

---

   Do not know(n = 44)

79.6 (35)

7.81 (3.31-18.43)

< 0.001

5.01 (1.78-14.07)

0.002

Believe condom reduces pleasure

     

   Agree (n = 369)

51.0 (188)

2.87 (1.81-4.54)

< 0.001

2.81 (1.60-4.91)

< 0.001

   Disagree (n = 222)

26.6 (59)

1.0

---

---

---

   Ambivalent (n = 25)

80.0 (20)

11.1 (4.03-30.28)

< 0.001

8.33 (2.38-29.09)

0.001

Family planning

     

   Using condom (n = 124)

16.1 (20)

1.0

---

---

---

   Using other method (n = 117)

53.0 (62)

5.9 (2.87-11.96)

< 0.001

5.47 (2.57-11.66)

< 0.001

   No family planning (n = 375

49.3 (185)

5.06 (2.72-9.42)

< 0.001

3.99 (2.06-7.75)

< 0.001

Drink Alcohol Weekly

     

   Yes (n = 251)

46.6 (117)

1.25 (0.79-1.97)

0.34

  

   No (n = 365)

41.1 (150)

1.0

---

  
  1. ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; STI, sexually transmitted infection
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