Table 2 Demographic, Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Study Patients with AIDS-Related Cryptococcal Meningitis
All patients with cryptococcal meningitis | Uncomplicated cryptococcal meningitis patients | Complicated cryptococcal meningitis patients | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 82 | n = 68 | n = 14 | ||
Age | 38 (19 - 57) | 38 (19 - 57) | 36 (25-48) | 0.54 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
White | 30(36.7) | 28(41.2) | 2(14.3) | |
Latino | 31(37.8) | 24(35.3) | 7(50.00) | |
Black | 17(20.7) | 13(19.1) | 4(28.6) | 0.17 |
Asian | 2(2.4) | 1(1.5) | 1(7.1) | |
Other | 2(2.4) | 2(2.9) | 0 | |
HIV risk factor | ||||
MSM | 49 (59.8) | 38(55.8) | 11 (78.7) | |
Heterosexual | 18 (22.0) | 17 (25.0) | 1 (7.1) | |
IVDA | 13 ( 15.8) | 11 (16.2) | 2 (14.2) | 0.51 |
Hemophilia | 1 ( 1.2) | 1 (1.5) | 0 | |
Unknown/other | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.5) | 0 | |
CD4 cell count (× 106/l) | 39.4 (2-256) | 38.7 (2-256) | 42.7 (3-139) | 0.77 |
HIV plasma load, log10 copies/ml a | 5.3 (4.1-6.2) | 5.3 (4.1-6.2) | 5.5 (4.8-5.9) | 0.48 |
Meningeal signsb | 12 (14.6) | 8 (11.8) | 4 (28.6) | 0.21 |
Initial altered mental status(Glasgow scale ≤ 13)b, | 21 (25.6) | 15 (22.1) | 6 (42.9) | 0.18 |
Focal neurological findingsb | 10 (12.2) | 3 (4.4) | 7 (50) | 0.0001 |
Seizures b | 5 (6.1) | 3 (4.4) | 2 (14.3) | 0.20 |
CSF opening pressure (cmH20)c | 30 (5-61) | 26.9 (5-57) | 43.4 (15-61) | 0.0001 |
CSF | ||||
wbc (/μl) | 45.9 (0-500) | 49.9 ( 0-500) | 26.3 (0-210) | 0.36 |
glucose(mg/dl) | 41.5 (2-122) | 40.7 ( 2-103) | 45.8 (11-122) | 0.34 |
protein (mg/dl) | 77.2 (25-278) | 77.9 (27-278) | 73.9 ( 25-178) | 0.79 |
CSF India ink positive | 71 (88) | 57 (85) | 14 (100) | 0.20 |
CSF culture positive | 78 (98) | 64 (97) | 14 (100) | 1.0 |
Blood culture positive for Cryptococcus speciesd | 43 (75) | 35 (75) | 8 (80) | 1.0 |
Baseline log 2 serum CRAG | 11 (3-16) | 11 (3-16) | 14 (8-16) | 0.001 |
Baseline log 2 CSF CRAG | 10 (1-18) | 9 (1-18) | 13 (10-16) | 0.001 |
Initial abnormal head CTe | 4 (4.9) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (21.4) | 0.03 |
OUTCOMES f | ||||
Persistent (≥ 14 days) altered mental status | 6 (7) | 0 | 6 (43) | 0.0001 |
Persistent (≥ 14 days) focal neurological findings | 7(9) | 0 | 7(50) | 0.0001 |
Required CSF surgical shunt | 8 (10) | 0 | 8 (57) | 0.0001 |
Death | 5 (6) | 0 | 5 (36) | 0.0001 |