Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS): review of common infectious manifestations and treatment options

Table 2 Clinical factors associated with the development of IRIS^†

Risk factor	Reference
Male sex	[31]
Younger age	[32]
Lower CD4 cell count at ART initiation	[4]
Higher HIV RNA at ART initiation	[4]
Lower CD4 cell percentage at ART initiation	[32]
Lower CD4:CD8 ratio at ART initiation	[32]
More rapid initial fall in HIV RNA on ART	[31]
Antiretroviral naïve at time of OI diagnosis	[31]
Shorter interval between OI therapy initiation and ART initiation	[31]

^†Derived from cohorts where IRIS due to multiple pathogens were reported (i.e. cohorts which examined only TB-IRIS were excluded)

ISSN: 1742-6405