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  1. Targeting RNA is a promising yet underdeveloped modality for the selective killing of cells infected with HIV-1. The secretory ribonucleases (RNases) found in vertebrates have cytotoxic ribonucleolytic activit...

    Authors: Ian W. Windsor, Dawn M. Dudley, David H. O’Connor and Ronald T. Raines
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:77
  2. AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (AR-PCNSL) is an AIDS-defining disease that usually occurs when the CD4 count is less than 50 cells/μl. The frequency of the disease has substantially decre...

    Authors: Pieter-Jan Gijs and Olivier Clerc
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:76
  3. An increasing number of HIV cure trials involve combining multiple potentially curative interventions. Until now, considerations for designing and implementing complex combination HIV cure trials have not been...

    Authors: Karine Dubé, John Kanazawa, Lynda Dee, Jeff Taylor, John A. Sauceda, Sara Gianella, Davey Smith, Steven G. Deeks and Michael J. Peluso
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:75
  4. Introduction of tenofovir (TDF) plus lamivudine (3TC) and dolutegravir (DTG) in first- and second-line HIV treatment regimens in South Africa warrants characterization of acquired HIV-1 drug resistance (ADR) m...

    Authors: Benjamin Chimukangara, Richard J. Lessells, Lavanya Singh, Indra Grigalionyte, Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma, Rochelle Adams, Halima Dawood, Linda Dlamini, Sibonisile Buthelezi, Sheldon Chetty, Karidia Diallo, Wayne A. Duffus, Mary Mogashoa, Melissa B. Hagen, Jennifer Giandhari, Tulio de Oliveira…
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:74
  5. A 73-year-old male patient who had a history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection for over 20 years was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Authors: Pedro Vieira Bertozzi, Amanda de Oliveira Vicente, Amanda Siqueira Pereira, Joao Pedro Espinha de Sant’Ana, Rafaela Braga Cabrera Mano, Luciana Souza Jorge and Rodrigo Afonso da Silva Sardenberg
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:73
  6. The growing burden of the HIV and non-communicable disease (NCD) syndemic in Sub- Saharan Africa has necessitated introduction of integrated models of care in order to leverage existing HIV care infrastructure...

    Authors: Blessings Gausi, Natacha Berkowitz, Nisha Jacob and Tolu Oni
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:72
  7. The availability and accessibility of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV (PLWH) has substantially improved in the past two decades in resource-limited settings. Therefore, evalua...

    Authors: Weerawat Manosuthi, Lantharita Charoenpong and Chalor Santiwarangkana
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:71
  8. Medical care re-engagement is critical to suppressing viral load and preventing HIV transmission, morbidity and mortality, yet few rigorous intervention studies address this outcome. We assessed the effectiven...

    Authors: Mary K. Irvine, McKaylee M. Robertson, Denis Nash, Sarah G. Kulkarni, Sarah L. Braunstein and Bruce Levin
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:70
  9. The current standard of care is to start antiretroviral therapy in all patients diagnosed with HIV-1, as for HIV-2 current DHHS guideline suggests ART for HIV-2 as soon as diagnosis is established, although th...

    Authors: Margarida Cardoso, Joana Vasconcelos, Teresa Baptista, Isabel Diogo, Fátima Gonçalves, Kamal Mansinho and Perpétua Gomes
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:69
  10. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are potentially at high risk for HIV infection, their HIV prevalence far exceeds the national prevalence rate. There are also a number of MSM who have sex with women, mostly unp...

    Authors: Huan Zhao, Xi Li, Junhua Wang, Wen Wang, Chunyan Yang, Jingjuan Li, Xiuling Li, Rui Pu, Lulu Chen, Xiao Zhang, Jun Zhang, Peng Luo and Jiangping Zhang
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:68
  11. Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) represent the risk group that are disproportionately most affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and continue to drop-off from the steps of the continuum of HIV serv...

    Authors: Willy Dunbar, Marie Colette Alcide Jean-Pierre, Jacky S. Pétion, Aline Labat, Nathalie Maulet and Yves Coppieters
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:67
  12. Achieving undetectable viral load is crucial for the reduction of HIV transmissions, AIDS-related illnesses and death. Adolescents (10 to19 years) living with HIV (ALHIV) on antiretroviral treatment (ART) have...

    Authors: Emeka F. Okonji, Brian van Wyk, Ferdinand C. Mukumbang and Gail D. Hughes
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:66
  13. Reduction of the reservoir of latent HIV-infected cells might increase the possibility of long-term remission in individuals living with HIV. We investigated factors associated with HIV-1 proviral DNA levels i...

    Authors: Helen Payne, Man K. Chan, Sarah A. Watters, Kennedy Otwombe, Nei-Yuan Hsiao, Abdel Babiker, Avy Violari, Mark F. Cotton, Diana M. Gibb and Nigel J. Klein
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:63
  14. To accelerate progress toward the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Nigeria country office (CDC Nigeria) initiated an Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Surge in 2019 to identi...

    Authors: Andrew T. Boyd, Ibrahim Jahun, Emilio Dirlikov, Stacie Greby, Solomon Odafe, Alhassan Abdulkadir, Olugbenga Odeyemi, Ibrahim Dalhatu, Obinna Ogbanufe, Andrew Abutu, Olugbenga Asaolu, Moyosola Bamidele, Chibuzor Onyenuobi, Timothy Efuntoye, Johnson O. Fagbamigbe, Uzoma Ene…
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:62
  15. This study investigates the willingness of men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Research in the HIV/AIDS field typically relies on clinical and epidemiological studies, t...

    Authors: Michele Pazzini, Zsófia S. Ignácz and Julia Tuppat
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:61
  16. Mental health problems (e.g., depression and anxiety) are among the most commonly reported comorbidities of HIV. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage has increased sharply. The purposes of this prospective co...

    Authors: Jinzhao Xie, Zixin Wang, Quanmin Li, Qiangsheng He, Guohong Xu, Yonghong Li, Kai Zhou, Linghua Li and Jing Gu
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:60
  17. We estimated the predictive effects of ART-related perceptions on the actual ART uptake behavior among ART naïve PLWH stratified by different time of HIV diagnosis under the new strategy.

    Authors: Tinglong Yang, Xueying Yang, Linghua Li, Huifang Xu, Lirui Fan, Quanmin Li, Xiaoyan Fan, Weiyi Chen, Xuan Du, Chun Hao, Jinghua Li, Yuantao Hao and Jing Gu
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:59
  18. The DUALIS study showed that switching to boosted darunavir (bDRV) plus dolutegravir (DTG; 2DR) was non-inferior to continuous bDRV plus 2 nucleoside/nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs; 3DR) in...

    Authors: Eva Wolf, Christoph Boesecke, Annamaria Balogh, Helen Bidner, Christiane Cordes, Hans Heiken, Ivanka Krznaric, Tim Kümmerle, Hans-Jürgen Stellbrink, Jochen Schneider and Christoph D. Spinner
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:58
  19. Although individual antiretroviral drugs have been shown to be associated with elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, data are limited on the role of antiretroviral drug combinations. Therefore, we sought...

    Authors: Kunchok Dorjee, Manisha Desai, Tsering Choden, Sanjiv M. Baxi, Alan E. Hubbard and Arthur L. Reingold
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:57
  20. We report a case of sudden, lethal metabolic acidosis in a 70-year-old man on long-term nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) -based antiretroviral therapy (ART) who had developed atypical necrotiz...

    Authors: Alexa Hollinger, Nadine Cueni, Catia Marzolini, Michael Dickenmann, Emmanuelle Landmann, Manuel Battegay, Aurélien Emmanuel Martinez, Martin Siegemund and Anne Leuppi-Taegtmeyer
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:56
  21. For over a decade, antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited countries was only recommended for patients with advanced HIV disease. We investigated this group of patients in order to determine any relat...

    Authors: Godfrey Barabona, Macdonald Mahiti, Mako Toyoda, Doreen Kamori, Salim Masoud, George P. Judicate, Bruno Sunguya, Eligius Lyamuya and Takamasa Ueno
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:55
  22. A North–South (N–S) research collaboration is one way through which research capacity of developing countries can be strengthened. Whereas N–S collaboration in HIV/AIDS area may result in research capacity str...

    Authors: Hesborn Wao, Yan Wang, Melvin A. Wao and Juliana A. Were
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:54
  23. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a novel prodrug of tenofovir (TFV), has become the preferred drug for the treatment of HIV-1 and chronic hepatitis B infection in clinical practice. Results from clinical trials sh...

    Authors: Thornthun Ueaphongsukkit, Sivaporn Gatechompol, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Jerasit Surintrspanont, Kroonpong Iampenkhae, Yingyos Avihingsanon and Suwasin Udomkarnjananun
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:53
  24. HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have shared routes of transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). Routine testing facilitates early diagnosis and treatment, thereby preventing morbidity and onward tran...

    Authors: Trevor A. Crowell, Haoyu Qian, Carsten Tiemann, Clara Lehmann, Christoph Boesecke, Albrecht Stoehr, Jukka Hartikainen, Stefan Esser, Markus Bickel, Christoph D. Spinner, Stephan Schneeweiß, Christiane Cordes, Norbert Brockmeyer, Heiko Jessen, Merlin L. Robb, Nelson L. Michael…
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:52
  25. The HIV pandemic continues to cause a high burden of morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis. Histoplasmosis is prevalent in Latin America and Colombia, is difficult to diagnose and has a high mortali...

    Authors: Julián Andrés Hoyos Pulgarin, John Alexander Alzate Piedrahita, German Alberto Moreno Gómez, Juan Felipe Sierra Palacio, Karen Melissa Ordoñez and Deving Arias Ramos
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:51
  26. There is a growing recognition of the impact of gender and the social determinants of health on the clinical course of people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, the relative contribution of these factors to cli...

    Authors: Phyo Pyae Nyein, Eithandee Aung, Ne Myo Aung, Mar Mar Kyi, Mark Boyd, Kyaw Swar Lin and Josh Hanson
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:50
  27. In sub-Saharan African countries Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection occurs in early childhood. We aim to investigate the factors associated with EBV acquisition and the impact of EBV infection on the humoral r...

    Authors: Silvia Baroncelli, Clementina Maria Galluzzo, Giuseppe Liotta, Mauro Andreotti, Stefano Orlando, Fausto Ciccacci, Robert Mphwere, Richard Luhanga, Jean Baptiste Sagno, Roberta Amici, Maria Cristina Marazzi and Marina Giuliano
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:48
  28. HIV is an infectious disease affecting 36.7 million people worldwide. In recent times, Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has become accessible to the majority of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and this has transfor...

    Authors: Archana Ganapathy, Basavaprabhu Achappa, Vaman Kulkarni, Deepak Madi, Ramesh Holla, Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran, Priya Rathi, Soundarya Mahalingam and Nikhil Victor Dsouza
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:47
  29. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a key component of HIV combination prevention strategies and has the potential to decrease the incidence of HIV in men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to ev...

    Authors: Yuansheng Fu, Akililu Alemu Ashuro, Xianxiang Feng, Ting Wang, Sichen Zhang, Dongqing Ye and Yinguang Fan
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:46
  30. The prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among adults and children in Uganda is 6.2% and 0.5% respectively. The prevalence of viral load suppression in Uganda among all adults and children living w...

    Authors: Atwau Pius, Najjuma Nambi Josephine, Sibo Erick, Agoa Winifred, Mukashyaka Rita, Okoli Silverjoseph, Ezatiru Lucy and Nyemara Novatus
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:45
  31. This study compares the management and outcome of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in HIV-positive and -negative women and identifies risk factors for treatment failure.

    Authors: Christine Gilles, Maude Velghe-lenelle, Yannick Manigart, Déborah Konopnicki and Serge Rozenberg
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:44
  32. Persons living with HIV (PLWH) who are members of sero-discordant and sero-concordant relationships may experience psychological stressors or motivators that affect HIV care. We assessed the association betwee...

    Authors: Domonique M. Reed, Allahna L. Esber, Trevor A. Crowell, Kavitha Ganesan, Hannah Kibuuka, Jonah Maswai, John Owuoth, Emmanuel Bahemana, Michael Iroezindu, Julie A. Ake and Christina S. Polyak
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:43
  33. B-cell tumors and plasma cell malignancies have been identified in persons living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). The literature review has revealed numerous reports of solitary plasmacytomas wi...

    Authors: Syeda Sahra, Abdullah Jahangir, Muhammad Yasir Anwar, Allison Glaser and Ahmad Jahangir
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:42
  34. Late presentation for HIV care is a well-described issue for the success of ART outcomes and the cause of higher morbidity, mortality and further transmission. Monitoring the level of late presentation and und...

    Authors: Nadine Mayasi Ngongo, Hippolyte Situakibanza Nani-Tuma, Marcel Mbula Mambimbi, Murielle Longokolo Mashi, Ben Bepouka Izizag, Faustin Kitetele Ndolumingu, Nathalie Maes, Michel Moutschen and Gilles Darcis
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:41
  35. HIV/AIDS is still one of the major public health concerns globally. It is one of the major contributory causes of deaths among women in the reproductive age (15–49 years) and has resulted in about 14 million o...

    Authors: Eugene Kofuor Maafo Darteh, Susanna Aba Abraham, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Vijay Kumar Chattu and Sanni Yaya
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:40
  36. World health organization defined adherence as the extent to which a person’s behavior – taking medications, following a diet, or executing lifestyle changes correspond with agreed recommendations from the hea...

    Authors: Mehd Abdu and Betelhem Walelgn
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:39
  37. Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) is a recommended approach to screen for HIV to all pregnant women during antenatal care (ANC) visits, and all with HIV positive results have to be enrolled ...

    Authors: Deogratius Bintabara, Athanase Lilungulu, Shakilu Jumanne, Mzee M. Nassoro and Bonaventura C. Mpondo
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:38
  38. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the main driving forces of T-cell senescence in the general population, whereas its differential impact in people living with HIV (PLWH) is less well characterized. Th...

    Authors: Matthias C. Mueller, Winfried V. Kern, Susanne Usadel, Marie-Christin Pauly, Toni Cathomen and Ulrich Salzer
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:37
  39. When considering adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV, many different cut-points are used. The primary goals of this study were to identify a level of self-reported medication adherence that best ...

    Authors: Emma O’Halloran Leach, Huiyin Lu, Joshua Caballero, Jennifer E. Thomas, Emma C. Spencer and Robert L. Cook
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:36
  40. Uganda has registered a reduction in new HIV infections among children in recent years. However, mother-to-child transmission of HIV still occurs, especially among pregnant women who present late. To eliminate...

    Authors: Yvette Wibabara, Ivan Lukabwe, Irene Kyamwine, Benon Kwesiga, Alex R. Ario, Linda Nabitaka, Lilian Bulage, Julie Harris and Peter Mudiope
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:35
  41. The AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF-Checkpoint) in The Netherlands offers rapid HIV testing for key populations by lay providers. We explored the experiences and needs of lay providers and end users of HIV tes...

    Authors: Nori Krabbenborg, Ralph Spijker, Anna Maria Żakowicz, Milo de Moraes, Titia Heijman and Eline Op de Coul
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:34
  42. Beliefs about gender roles and high-risk sexual behaviours underlie the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in South Africa. Yet, there is limited information on the relationships between beliefs about...

    Authors: Candice M. Chetty-Makkan, Jonathan M. Grund, Evans Muchiri, Matt A. Price, Mary H. Latka and Salome Charalambous
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:33
  43. Adolescents and young adults living with HIV in sub Saharan Africa are at high risk of poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and virologic failure (VF).

    Authors: Chiratidzo E. Ndhlovu, Vinie Kouamou, Primrose Nyamayaro, Leanne Dougherty, Nicola Willis, Bisola O. Ojikutu and A. Tariro Makadzange
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:32
  44. Brescia Province, northern Italy, was one of the worst epicenters of the COVID-19 pandemic. The division of infectious diseases of ASST (Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale) Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia...

    Authors: Ilaria Izzo, Canio Carriero, Giulia Gardini, Benedetta Fumarola, Erika Chiari, Francesco Castelli and Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:31
  45. Antiretrovirals, including tenofovir, can suppress human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but cannot completely eradicate it. Patients with HIV infection are administered antiretroviral drugs over a long...

    Authors: Mahoko Ikeda, Yoshitaka Wakabayashi, Koh Okamoto, Shintaro Yanagimoto, Shu Okugawa and Kyoji Moriya
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:30
  46. Depression is common among HIV-infected individuals and may contribute to suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and subsequent inability to attain viral load (VL) suppression. We evaluated assoc...

    Authors: Brandon Carney, Colton Daniels, Xiaohe Xu, Thankam Sunil, Anuradha Ganesan, Jason M. Blaylock, Karl C. Kronmann, Christina Schofield, Tahaniyat Lalani, Brian Agan and Jason F. Okulicz
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:29
  47. Globally Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is an ongoing public health issue associated with high morbidity and mortality. Efforts have been made to reduce HIV/AIDS-re...

    Authors: Kefale Lejadiss Workie, Tilahun Yemanu Birhan and Dessie Abebaw Angaw
    Citation: AIDS Research and Therapy 2021 18:27