Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey

Table 5 Model of the relationship of the mediator variable HIV status with socio-demographic, health and HIV related variables

HIV status	OR	95% CI		p-value
Age groups (years)
15–24	Ref
25 to 49	3.84	3.29	4.47	< 0.001
50+	1.50	1.21	1.87	< 0.001
Sex
Male	Ref
Female	1.57	1.37	1.80	< 0.001
Race group
African	Ref
Other	0.19	0.15	0.23	< 0.001
Marital status
Not married	Ref
Married	0.41	0.36	0.48	< 0.001
Educational level
Primary	Ref
Secondary	0.94	0.82	1.09	0.416
Tertiary	0.44	0.32	0.59	< 0.001
Employment status
No	Ref
Yes	0.94	0.82	1.09	0.416
Asset based SES
Low
High
Locality type
Urban formal	Ref
Urban informal	1.48	1.25	1.75	< 0.001
Rural informal	1.22	1.05	1.42	0.009
Rural formal	1.60	1.31	1.94	< 0.001
Alcohol use AUDIT score
Abstainers	Ref
Low risk drinkers (1–7)	0.93	0.81	1.08	0.358
High risk drinkers (8–19)	1.00	0.80	1.25	0.967
Hazardous drinkers (20+)	1.50	0.92	2.44	0.102
Self-related health
Fair/poor	Ref
Good/excellent	0.68	0.59	0.78	< 0.001
Ever test for HIV
No	Ref
Yes	2.15	1.83	2.54	< 0.001
Awareness of HIV status
No	Ref
Yes	0.75	0.66	0.86	< 0.001
Self-perceived risk of HIV
No	Ref
Yes	0.41	0.36	0.46	< 0.001
Externalised HIV related stigma
No	Ref
Yes	1.24	1.10	1.39	< 0.001

SES Socio economic status, AUDIT Alcohol risk score based on a questionnaire for Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and scores used for categorisation within parentheses, OR Odds ratio, CI confidence intervals. Subtotals do not total (n) due to non-response and/or missing data

ISSN: 1742-6405