Table 3 Predictors of viral suppression among HIV patients on ART

WHO stage of HIV

 Stage I

224 (40.9)

7.37 (2.94–18.46)

< 0.0001

11.40 (3.54–36.74)

< 0.0001

 Stage II

135 (24.6)

1.46 (0.62–3.40)

0.3860

2.13 (0.71–6.42)

0.1800

 Stage III

173 (31.6)

1.27 (0.55–2.92)

0.5710

1.32 (0.45–3.89)

0.6100

 Stage IV

16 (2.9)

Ref. (1)

–

Ref. (1)

–

Adherence to ART

 Good

326 (59.5)

6.79 (4.08–11.29)

< 0.0001

5.09 (2.67–9.73)

< 0.0001

 Fair

175 (31.9)

2.17 (1.33–3.52)

0.0020

1.78 (0.95–3.35)

0.0720

 Poor

47 (8.6)

Ref. (1)

–

Ref. (1)

–

Ever stopped or changed ARV

 No

499 (91.1)

Ref. (1)

–

Ref. (1)

–

 Yes

49 (8.9)

0.368 (0.16–0.88)

0.0240

0.20 (0.50–0.70)

0.0190

Common ARV combinations^a

 TDF/3TC/EFV

381 (69.5)

3.61 (1.96–6.63)

< 0.0001

3.00 (1.15–7.78)

0.0240

 AZT/3TC/EFV

37 (6.8)

6.01 (2.23–16.17)

< 0.0001

6.83 (1.83–25.45)

0.0040

 TDF/3TC/NVP

28 (5.1)

5.30 (1.85–15.18)

0.0020

2.57 (0.61–10.76)

0.1960

 AZT/3TC/NVP

39 (4.6)

8.86 (2.97–26.45)

< 0.0001

5.16 (1.33–19.94)

0.0170

 TDF/3TC/LPV/r

25 (4.6)

7.10 (2.14–23.60)

0.0010

3.58 (0.74–17.40)

0.1140

 TDF/3TC/DTG

22 (4.0)

Ref. (1)

Ref. (1)

–

Duration of ARV treatment (years)

 < 1

5 (0.9)

Ref. (1)

Ref. (1)

–

 1

105 (19.2)

5.81 (2.14–15.74)

0.0010

6.52 (2.05–20.69)

0.0010

 2

204 (37.2)

31.20 (11.21–86.84)

< 0.0001

38.04 (11.52–125.61)

< 0.0001

 3

207 (37.8)

63.32 (21.56–185.95)

< 0.0001

79.93 (23.08–276.78)

< 0.0001

 4

27 (4.9)

140.40 (15.35–1284.39)

< 0.0001

179.82 (17.21–1879.35)

< 0.0001