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Table 3 HDQ severity scores: pre versus during COVID-19 pandemic (n = 51)

From: Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic

HDQ domain

Spearman correlation coefficients

Pre-pandemic Mean (sd) HDQ severity scores

During pandemic Mean (sd) HDQ severity scores

Mean (sd) change in HDQ severity scoresa

Paired t-test

p value

Physical

0.6

13.6 (9.3)

18.5 (12.0)

4.9 (9.6)

− 3.64

0.001***

Cognitive

0.6

15.1 (14.9)

21.9 (22.3)

6.8 (17.6)

− 2.76

0.008*

Mental-emotional

0.7

20.8 (18.0)

32.2 (21.3)

11.4 (15.3)

− 5.30

 < 0.001***

Uncertainty

0.8

26.4 (20.3)

31.1 (22.0)

4.7 (11.5)

− 2.93

0.005**

Day-to-day activities

0.7

11.1 (11.9)

15.1 (18.5)

4.1 (11.9)

− 2.45

0.018*

Social inclusion

0.8

23.3 (18.7)

29.2 (23.0)

5.8 (14.2)

− 2.93

0.005**

  1. HDQ severity scores range: 0–100; degrees of freedom: 50
  2. aMean change score (during—prior to pandemic for each participant)
  3. ***Indicates p ≤ 0.001
  4. **Indicates 0.001 < p ≤ 0.01
  5. *Indicates 0.01 < p ≤ 0.05