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Table 1 Studies reporting cases of thoracic actinomycosis associated with HIV infection

From: Actinomycosis presenting as an isolated pleural effusion in a patient with an HIV infection: a case report and literature review

Case no

Year

Age/sex

Symptom

CD4 count

Combined disease

ART

Radiologic finding

Confirmatory specimen

Treatment

Treatment duration

Outcome

1

2017

52/M

Massive hemoptysis

Data not available

HCV

Zidovudine, lamivudine 150 mg BD and efavirenz 600 mg daily

HRCT: Large mass-like consolidation in left upper lobe with central necrosis and excavation and also adjacent nodular infiltration

TBLB

Lobectomy + PO amoxicillin + clindamycin, metronidazole, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and ceftriaxone

6 months

Improved

2

1997

41/M

Asymptomatic

340/mm3

HCV, alcohol dependency

Zidovudine (100 mg qid) + ranitidine (150 mg at night)

HRCT: numerous nodular densities < 5 mm in diameter on the right side more than on the left

BAL

IV penicillin G

21 days

Improved

 

PO Ampicillin

6 months

3

1989

42/M

Fever, productive cough, pleuritic chest pain

Data not available

IV drug abuser

Data not available

Chest x-ray: bilateral patchy alveolar infiltration

TBLB

IV penicillin G

3 weeks

Improved

4

1993

47/M

Fever, cough

Data not available

–

Data not available

Chest x-ray: lingular infiltration

BAL

IV penicillin G

4 weeks

Expired

5

 

68/M

Dyspnea, productive cough, chills

308/mm3

–

Tenofovir alafenamide Fumarate/emtricitabine/bictegravir

Chest CT: large amount of right pleural effusion, diffuse pleural enhancement

Pleural biopsy

IV ampicillin

4 weeks

Improved

PO amoxicillin

11 months

  1. Most patients showed symptoms and radiological findings indistinguishable from pneumonia or tuberculosis and were confirmed by biopsy. The patients were treated for various durations ranging from 3 weeks to 12 months, and all but one patient improved
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AIDS Research and Therapy

ISSN: 1742-6405

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