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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of predictors of ADR

From: Epidemiologic and viral predictors of antiretroviral drug resistance among persons living with HIV in a large treatment program in Nigeria

 

%ADR

n(%)

Univariate

OR (95% CI), P-value

Multivariate

OR (95% CI), P-value

Age

 17–30

47 (29.6%)

Reference

Reference

 31–40

69 (43.4%)

1.52 (0.97–2.39), 0.07

2.35 (1.29–4.27), 0.005

 41+

43 (27.0%)

1.50 (0.90–2.49), 0.12

2.31 (1.11–4.84), 0.026

Gender

 Female

98 (61.6%)

Reference

Reference

 Male

61 (38.4%)

1.26 (0.84–1.88), 0.26

0.73 (0.42–1.29), 0.28

Marital status

 Single

97 (61.0%)

Reference

Reference

 Married

62 (39.0%)

0.42 (0.28, 0.62), < 0.001

0.40 (0.24, 0.67), < 0.001

Occupation

 Un-employed

63 (39.6%)

Reference

Reference

 Employed

96 (60.4%)

1.36(0.92–2.01), 0.12

1.17 (0.68–2.02), 0.56

Education

 None

28 (17.6%)

Reference

Reference

 Primary

14 (8.8%)

0.76 (0.36–1.57), 0.45

0.61 (0.26–1.45), 0.26

 Secondary

65 (40.9%)

2.00 (1.57–3.41), 0.011

2.14 (1.11–4.13), 0.02

 Tertiary

52 (32.7%)

2.04 (1.17–3.56), 0.013

1.41 (0.69–2.85), 0.35

Year of enrolment

 2004–2006

97 (80.2%)

2.83 (1.88–4.26), < 0.001

1.11 (0.58–2.11), 0.76

 2007–2011

24 (19.8%)

Reference

Reference

Enrolment year

 

0.51 (0.43–0.61), < 0.001

 

Previous ARV regimen

 NNRTI

144 (90.6%)

0.73 (0.36–1.45), 0.36

 

 PI

15 (9.4%)

Reference

 

Non-adherence

 No

63 (40.0%)

Reference

Reference

 Yes

96 (60.4%)

3.71 (2.48–5.56), < 0.001

2.48 (1.50–4.00), < 0.001

Hepatitis B status

 No

121 (76.0%)

Reference

 

 Yes

38 (23.9%)

1.28 (0.80–2.03), 0.30

 

Treatment duration (years)

 

1.93 (1.61–2.31), < 0.001

1.80 (1.37–2.35), < 0.001

Baseline CD4 count

 200+

60 (40.3%)

Reference

 

 < 200

89 (59.7%)

0.88 (0.59–1.31), 0.52

 

CD4 count at ADR

 200+

47 (13.5%)

Reference

Reference

 < 200

102 (68.5%)

0.97 (0.96–0.98), < 0.001

0.95 (0.94–0.97), < 0.001

Baseline viral load at ADR (log10)

 

2.08 (1.65–2.64), < 0.001

1.97 (1.44–2.54), < 0.001

  1. NNRTI non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, PI protease inhibitors, ADR adverse drug reaction, ART ARV therapy, ARV antiretroviral
  2. aP-values from Chi squared-test for categorical variables or Wilcoxon test for continuous variables