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Table 1 PLWH + T2DM characteristics

From: Retention in care in aging adults with a dual diagnosis of HIV infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal retrospective cross-sectional study

Characteristics

PLWH + T2DM

All age groups (N = 798)

OALWH + T2DM (n = 564)

YALWH + T2DM (n = 234)

Pearson Chi Square or Fisher Exact a(OALWH + T2DM, YALWH + T2DM)

Age (years) mean ± SD

55.01 ± 8.96

59.35 ± 7.22 (70.7%)

44.56 ± 5.10 (29.3%)

 

Gender

0.01**

 Male

618 (77.4%)

451 (80%)

167 (71.4%)

 Female

180 (22.6%)

113 (20%)

67 (28.6%)

Race/ethnicity

N = 794

N = 560

 

0.001***

 White—non-Hispanic

326 (41.1%)

253 (45.2%)

73 (31.2%)

 White—Hispanic

98 (12.3%)

62 (11.1%)

36 (15.4%)

 African American—non-Hispanic

320 (40.3%)

214 (38.2%)

106 (45.3%)

 African American—Hispanic

3 (0.4%)

0 (0%)

3 (1.3%)

 Hispanic

18 (2.3%)

12 (2.1%)

6 (2.6%)

 Others

29 (3.7%)

19 (3.4%)

10 (4.3%)

 

Missed visits (count)

Range: 0–12

Range: 0–5

Range: 0–12

0.23

 Mean ± SD

0.29 ± 0.90

0.24 ± 0.66

0.41 ± 1.30

 

 Zero

667 (83.6%)

476 (84.4%)

191 (81.6%)

 

 One

84 (10.5%)

61 (10.8%)

23 (9.8%)

 

 Two

27 (3.4%)

16 (2.8%)

11 (4.7%)

 

 ≥ Three

20 (2.4%)

11 (2%)

9 (3.7%)

 

Missed visits (dichotomous)

0.35

 No missed visits

667 (83.6%)

476 (84.4%)

191 (81.6%)

 At least one missed visit

1 (16.4%)

88 (15.6%)

43 (18.4%)

Visit attendance

Range: 0–26 days

Range: 0–26 days

Range: 0–26 days

0.01**

Mean ± SD

3.07 ± 2.517

3.05 ± 2.417

3.12 ± 2.747

 

Visit adherence

0.06

Mean ± SD

0.904 ± 0.24

0.910 ± 0.23

0.890 ± 0.25

 0–24%

33 (4.1%)

23 (4.1%)

10 (4.3%)

 25–49%

15 (1.8%)

12 (2.1%)

3 (1.3%)

 50–74%

62 (7.9%)

34 (6%)

28 (11.6%)

 75–99%

47 (5.9%)

37 (6.6%)

10 (4.2%)

 100%

641 (80.3%)

458 (81.2%)

183 (78.2%)

4-month visit constancy (intervals with ≥ 1 kept visit)

n = 772

n = 546

n = 226

0.67

 Zero

7 (0.9%)

5 (0.9%)

2 (0.9%)

 One

207 (26.8%)

143 (26.2%)

64 (28.3%)

 Two

334 (43.3%)

244 (44.7%)

90 (39.8%)

 Three

224 (29%)

154 (28.2%)

70 (31%)

6-month gap (≥ 189 days between sequential kept visits)

n = 606

n = 425

n = 181

0.19

 Retained

570 (94.1%)

396 (93.2%)

174 (96.1%)

 Not retained

36 (5.9%)

29 (6.8%)

7 (3.9%)

HRSA HAB measure (2 kept visits > 90 days apart)

n = 606

n = 425

n = 181

0.39

 Retained

418 (69%)

298 (70.1%)

120 (66.3%)

0.07

 Not retained

188 (31%)

127 (29.9%)

61 (33.7%)

HbA1c level

n = 179

n = 179

n = 179

0.07

Mean ± SD

7.565 ± 1.93

7.529 ± 1.90

7.69 ± 2.03

 

 ≤ 6.5%

64 (35.8%)

50 (36%)

14 (35%)

 > 6.5%

115 (64.2%)

89 (64%)

26 (65%)

CD4 count

n = 194

n = 151

n = 43

0.61

Mean ± SD

717.84 ± 407.42

696.44 ± 387.06

792.98 ± 469.35

 

 ≥ 500 cells/μL

132 (68%)

102 (67.5%)

30 (69.8%)

 200–499 cells/MlμL

49 (25.3%)

40 (26.5%)

9 (20.9%)

 < 200 cells/μL

13 (6.7%)

9 (6%)

4 (9.3%)

  1. Some variables have different sample sizes
  2. HRSA HAB measure the US Health Resources and Services Administration HIV/AIDS Bureau (HRSA HAB) measure, PLWH + T2DM persons living with HIV and diabetes, all ages, OALWH + T2DM older adults with HIV and T2DM, YALWH + T2DM younger adults with HIV and T2DM
  3. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.00
  4. aPearson Chi Square or Fisher Exact between OALWH + T2DM and YALWH + T2DM