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Table 2 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of Medicaid beneficiaries newly prescribed HIV treatment

From: Real-world adherence and persistence for newly-prescribed HIV treatment: single versus multiple tablet regimen comparison among US medicaid beneficiaries

Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics

Adherence assessment population

Persistence assessment population

Overall patients (N = 1744)

STRs (N = 1290)

MTRs (N = 454)

Overall patients (N = 2409)

STRs (N = 1782)

MTRs (N = 627)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

Mean age (mean ± SD)

41.0 ± 12.9

40.0 ± 13.3

42.0 ± 11.8

40.1 ± 13.1

40.0 ± 13.5

41.0 ± 12.0

Age group (years)

 18–34

631 (36.2%)

493 (38.2%)

138 (30.4%)

918 (38.1%)

714 (40.1%)

204 (32.5%)

 35–49

614 (35.2%)

432 (33.5%)

182 (40.1%)

805 (33.4%)

559 (31.4%)

246 (39.2%)

 50–64

468 (26.8%)

338 (26.2%)

130 (26.8%)

646 (26.8%)

473 (26.5%)

173 (27.6%)

 ≥ 65

31 (1.8%)

27 (2.1%)

4 (0.9%)

40 (1.7%)

36 (2.0%)

4 (0.6%)

Gender

 Male

986 (56.5%)

741 (57.4%)

245 (54.0%)

1353 (56.2%)

1026 (57.6%)

327 (52.2%)

 Female

758 (43.5%)

549 (42.6%)

209 (46.0%)

1056 (43.8%)

756 (42.4%)

300 (47.8%)

Race

 White

350 (20.1%)

270 (20.9%)

80 (17.6%)

472 (19.6%)

358 (20.1%)

114 (18.2%)

 Black

1064 (61.0%)

779 (60.4%)

285 (62.8%)

1460 (60.6%)

1078 (60.5%)

382 (60.9%)

 Hispanic

26 (1.5%)

18 (1.4%)

8 (1.8%)

37 (1.6%)

26 (1.5%)

11 (1.8%)

 Other

304 (17.4%)

223 (17.3%)

81 (17.8%)

440 (18.3%)

320 (18.0%)

120 (19.1%)

Insurance type

 HMO

445 (25.5%)

342 (26.5%)

103 (22.7%)

635 (26.4%)

480 (26.9%)

155 (24.7%)

 COMP

1298 (74.4%)

948 (73.5%)

350 (77.1%)

1773 (73.6%)

1302 (73.1%)

471 (75.1%)

Pre-index medication use

 Antihypertensive

439 (25.2%)

329 (25.5%)

110 (24.2%)

567 (23.5%)

425 (23.8%)

142 (22.6%)

 Antidiabetics

106 (6.1%)

83 (6.4%)

23 (5.1%)

143 (5.9%)

107 (6.0%)

36 (5.7%)

 Metformin

67 (3.8%)

54 (4.2%)

13 (2.9%)

86 (3.6%)

68 (3.8%)

18 (2.9%)

 Metformin-combination

4 (0.2%)

3 (0.2%)

1 (0.2%)

5 (0.2%)

3 (0.2%)

2 (0.3%)

 Non-insulin therapy

78 (4.5%)

63 (4.9%)

15 (3.3%)

101 (4.2%)

80 (4.5%)

21 (3.3%)

 Insulin

43 (2.5%)

32 (2.5%)

11 (2.4%)

59 (2.5%)

43 (2.4%)

16 (2.6%)

 Anticoagulants

102 (5.9%)

77 (6.0%)

25 (5.5%)

133 (5.5%)

101 (5.7%)

32 (5.1%)

 Antiarrhythmic drugs

1 (0.1%)

1 (0.1%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (0.04%)

1 (0.1%)

0 (0.0%)

 Lipid-lowering therapy

150 (8.6%)

111 (8.6%)

39 (8.6%)

193 (8.0%)

143 (8.0%)

50 (8.0%)

 Statin

148 (8.5%)

110 (8.5%)

38 (8.4%)

191 (7.9%)

142 (8.0%)

49 (7.8%)

 Ezetimibe

3 (0.2%)

2 (0.2%)

1 (0.2%)

3 (0.1%)

2 (0.1%)

1 (0.2%)

 Statin/ezetimibe

1 (0.1%)

1 (0.1%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (0.04%)

1 (0.1%)

0 (0.0%)

 PCSK9

 

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (0.0%)

 Antibiotics

759 (43.5%)

584 (45.3%)

175 (38.5%)

1068 (44.3%)

810 (45.5%)

258 (41.1%)

 Respiratory drugsa

958 (54.9%)

735 (57.0%)

223 (49.1%)

1353 (56.2%)

1029 (57.7%)

324 (51.7%)

 Number of unique medications on index date besides ART (mean ± SD)

1.0 ± 1.9

0.9 ± 1.8

1.3 ± 2.1

1.0 ± 2.0

1.0 ± 1.9

1.3 ± 2.3

 Deyo-modified CCI score (mean ± SD)

4.2 ± 3.4

4.1 ± 3.4

4.4 ± 3.4

3.4 ± 3.5

3.4 ± 3.5

3.6 ± 3.5

Baseline clinical comorbidities

 Central nervous system toxicity

714 (40.9%)

530 (41.1%)

184 (40.5%)

811 (33.7%)

598 (33.6%)

213 (34.0%)

 Gastrointestinal symptoms

74 (4.2%)

55 (4.3%)

19 (4.2%)

81 (3.7%)

60 (3.4%)

21 (3.3%)

 Mental disorders

986 (56.5%)

732 (56.7%)

254 (55.9%)

1134 (47.1%)

835 (46.9%)

299 (47.7%)

 AIDS-defining condition

118 (6.8%)

79 (6.1%)

39 (8.6%)

124 (5.2%)

82 (4.6%)

42 (6.7%)

 Substance abuse

724 (41.5%)

522 (40.5%)

202 (44.5%)

827 (34.3%)

591 (33.2%)

236 (37.6%)

 Jaundice

9 (0.5%)

6 (0.5%)

3 (0.7%)

9 (0.4%)

6 (0.3%)

3 (0.5%)

 Dyslipidemia

251 (14.4%)

193 (15.0%)

58 (12.8%)

270 (11.2%)

209 (11.7%)

61 (9.7%)

 Diabetes

149 (8.5%)

115 (8.9%)

34 (7.5%)

172 (7.1%)

131 (7.4%)

41 (6.5%)

 Chronic kidney disease

58 (3.3%)

42 (3.3%)

16 (3.5%)

62 (2.6%)

46 (2.6%)

16 (2.6%)

 Cardiovascular disease

562 (32.2%)

415 (32.2%)

147 (32.4%)

628 (26.1%)

465 (26.1%)

163 (26.0%)

 Myocardial infarction

12 (0.7%)

8 (0.6%)

4 (0.9%)

12 (0.5%)

8 (0.4%)

4 (0.6%)

  1. STR single-tablet regimen, MTR single-tablet regimen, SD standard deviation, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, HMO health maintenance organization, COMP comprehensive (patients were not incentivized to use a particular list of providers for non-emergency care, and coverage was handled by only one policy)
  2. aInclude drugs for lower and upper respiratory infections