Table 2 Microbiota compositional changes associated with metformin use in DM2 or healthy people
From: Metformin effect on gut microbiota: insights for HIV-related inflammation
Study, year (Country) | Participants with DM vs controls (n) | Increased bacterial abundance | Decreased bacterial abundance | Increased metabolites |
|---|---|---|---|---|
People with DM2 | ||||
 Karlsson 2013 [36] (Sweden) | 20 vs 33 | Clostridium | NA | NA |
 Forslund 2015 [27] (Denmark) | 93 vs 106 | A. muciniphila, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Subdoligranulum, Clostridiales | Intestinibacter | Butyrate and propionate pathway expression |
 Cuesta-Zuluaga 2017 [53] (Colombia) | 14 vs 14 | A. muciniphila, Butyrivibrio, B. bifidum, Prevotella | NA | NA |
 Wu 2017 [29] (Spain) | 22 vs 18 | Escherichia, Bifidobacterium, A. muciniphila | Intestinibacter | Propionate, butyrate, and acetate |
 Sun 2018 [65] (China) | 22, prospective study |  | B. fragilis, B. finegoldii | Bile acid glycoursodeoxycholic acid |
 Zhang 2019 [66] (China) | 51 vs 26 | Spirochaete, Turicibacter, Fusobacterium |  | Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism |
Healthy, non-diabetic people | ||||
 Elbere 2018 [59] (Latvia) | 18, prospective study | Streptococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, A. muciniphila, Ruminococcacea, Blautia | Ruminiclostridium | NA |
 Bryrup 2019 [60] (Denmark) | 27, prospective study | Escherichia/Shigella, Bilophila, Lachnoclostridium, Caproiciproducens | Intestinibacter, Clostridium, Terrisporobacter | NA |