Table 1 Identified studies for systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines
From: Kidney transplant outcomes in HIV-positive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Study | Country | Sample size | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria | The duration of dialysis | Duration of HIV infection | Study tipe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Roland (2008) | USA | 18 | Undetectable HIV for 3 months, CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL, No history of OI | Patients with previously treated opportunistic complications (except progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, chronic cryptosporidiosis, lymphoma and visceral Kaposi’s sarcoma [KS]) were eligible | Not specified | Not specified | Prospective study |
Touzot (2010) | Paris | 27 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Mazuecos (2006) | Spain | 10 | CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL for more than 6 months, Undetectable HIV for 3 months, stable ART (in case of indicated) for longer than 3 months, and no presence of definite AIDS complications | History of AIDS-defining infection | 7.6 + 6.6 (1–22) years | 10.6 + 6.9 (2–19) years | Retrospective cohort study |
Stock (2003) | USA | 10 | Undetectable HIV for 3 months; CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL; no history of opportunistic infections; and tolerating a stable ARV regimen for 3 months before transplant | AIDS-defining opportunistic infection; history of cancer or opportunistic neoplasm (except for treated basal cell carcinoma or in situ anogenital cancer), and HCV positivity in kidney patients with findings of cirrhosis on liver biopsy | Not specified | Not specified | Prospective study |
Stock (2010) | USA | 150 | CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL and Undetectable HIV for while receiving stable ART in the 16 weeks before transplantation | Patients with previously treated opportunistic complications, with the exception of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, chronic intestinal cryptosporidiosis, primary central nervous system lymphoma, and visceral Kaposi’s sarcoma | Not specified | Not specified | Prospective study |
Kumar (2004) | USA | 40 | Patients be adherent to dialysis treatment and HAART, have plasma HIV-1 RNA < 400 copies/mL, and absolute CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Qiu (2006) | USA | 38 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Registry study |
Tan (2004) | USA | 7 | Undetectable HIV for 3 months, CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Carter (2006) | USA | 20 | First, candidates met standard criteria for placement on the kidney transplant waiting list. Second, candidates had undetectable HIV for 3 months, CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL for 6 months | History of cancer or opportunistic neoplasm (except for treated basal cell carcinoma, cutaneous Kaposi’s sarcoma or in situ anogenital cancer), prior transplant, pregnancy, significant HIV-related wasting (> 5% weight loss over 3 months), coinfection with hepatitis C with evidence of cirrhosis on liver biopsy, history of chronic intestinal cryptosporidiosis of > 1 month duration, history of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or documented resistant fungal infections | Not specified | Not specified | Prospective study |
Gruber (2008) | USA | 8 | (1) CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL and ultrasensitive viral load (USVL) less than 50 RNA copies/mL for more than or equal to 6 months and (2) no history of significant AIDS-associated opportunistic infections or neoplasms, both while on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Gómez (2013) | Spain | 7 | Patients do not suffer from any condition; CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL; Undetectable viral load (< 50 copies/mL); Social stability; Adherence to treatment In drug abusers: period of abstinence of at least 2 years | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Izzo (2017) | Italy | 28 | CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL, undetectable HIV RNA (if the patient was on cART) and presumable good compliance to follow up and therapy | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Roland (2004) | USA | 26 | CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL; undetectable HIV RNA | Elevated HIV RNA Level, Low CD4 T-Cell Count, History Of Opportunistic Infection Or Neoplasm, Or Incompletely Evaluated Altered Mental Status | Not specified | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Gasser (2009) | USA | 27 | Undetectable plasma HIV RNA for 6 months before transplantation, CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL and no use of IL-2 or GM-CSF in the 6 months prior to transplantation | Pregnancy and significant wasting or weight loss | Not specified | Not specified | Prospective study |
Gathogo (2014) | UK | 35 | CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL and undetectable HIV RNA levels for a minimum of 6 months | Not specified | 4.2 years | 7.2 years | Retrospective cohort study |
Baisi (2016) | Italy | 18 | Patients never treated with ARVs with CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL Patients on ARVs with CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL stable for at least 12 months and plasma HIV-RNA undetectable at the time of inclusion on waiting list Compliance to/willingness to continue ARVs and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections, if indicated If female, pregnancy test (b-HCG) negative (monthly monitoring) | History of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections in the previous 2 years History of neoplasm (with the exception of in situ cervical neoplasia and baso-cellular carcinoma with a documented disease-free period of more than 5 years; recovery from malignant disease must be certified by an oncologist) Detectable peripheral blood HHV DNA VL Breast-feeding underway | Not specified | Not specified | retrospective cohort study |
Xia (2014) | USA | 243 | Not specified | Exclusions were multi-organ transplants and recipients that were pediatric, hepatitis B surface antigen positive, had missing or unknown HIV or HCV serostatus or received a previous liver transplant. Additional exclusions were recipient HIV-seropositivity and donor hepatitis C seropositivity | 83.5% of patients Pretransplant dialysis > 3 years | Not specified | Registry study |
Locke (2015) | USA | 481 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Registry study |
Abbott (2004) | USA | 47 | Not specified | Not specified | 4.8 ± 5.0 years | Not specified |  |
Cristelli (2017) Brazil | Brazil | 39 | Not specified | Not specified | 42Â months | 96Â months | Retrospective cohort study |
Cristelli (2017) Spain | Brazil | 15 | Not specified | Not specified | 84Â months | 120Â months | Retrospective cohort study |
Mazuecos (2013) | Spain | 36 | a. CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL for > 6 months b. HIV-1 RNA undetectable c. On stable anti-retroviral therapy > 3 months d. No other complications from AIDS (e.g., opportunistic infection, including aspergillus, tuberculosis, coccidioide-mycosis, resistant fungal infections, Kaposi’s sarcoma or other neoplasm) e. Meeting all other criteria for kidney transplantation | 1. Metastatic cancer 2. Ongoing or recurring infections that are not effectively treated 3. Serious cardiac or other ongoing insufficiencies that create an inability to tolerate transplant surgery 4. Serious conditions that are unlikely to be improved by transplantation as life expectancy can be finitely measured 5. Demonstrated patient noncompliance, which places the organ at risk by not adhering to medical recommendations 6. Potential complications from immunosuppressive medications are unacceptable to the patient (e.g., the benefits of staying on dialysis outweigh the risks associated with transplantation) 7. AIDS (diagnosis based on CDC definition of CD4 T-cell count < 200/μL) | 49.5 months | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |
Rosa (2016) | USA | 58 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Â |
Vicari (2016) | Brazil | 53 | Being clinically stable under HAART, having at least a 6-month period of stable CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL, and undetectable viral load | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Prospective study |
Bossini (2014) | Italy | 13 | CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL and undetectable plasma HIV type-1 RNA levels based on an ultrasensitive polymerase chain reaction assay while receiving stable HAART during the 3 months before transplantation | History of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, chronic intestinal cryptosporidiosis, lymphoma, or visceral Kaposi’s sarcoma | 5.0 ± 3.1 years | Not specified | Registry study |
Mazuecos (2011) | Spain | 20 | a. CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL for > 6 months b. HIV-1 RNA undetectable c. On stable anti-retroviral therapy > 3 months d. No other complications from AIDS (e.g., opportunistic infection, including aspergillus, tuberculosis, coccidioide-mycosis, resistant fungal infections, Kaposi’s sarcoma or other neoplasm) e. Meeting all other criteria for kidney transplantation | 1. Metastatic cancer 2. Ongoing or recurring infections that are not effectively treated 3. Serious cardiac or other ongoing insufficiencies that create an inability to tolerate transplant surgery 4. Serious conditions that are unlikely to be improved by transplantation as life expectancy can be finitely measured 5. Demonstrated patient noncompliance, which places the organ at risk by not adhering to medical recommendations 6. Potential complications from immunosuppressive medications are unacceptable to the patient (e.g., the benefits of staying on dialysis outweigh the risks associated with transplantation) 7. AIDS (diagnosis based on CDC definition of CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3) | 6.53 ± 5.62 years | 8.45 ± 5.01 years | Prospective study |
Gathogo (2016) | UK | 76 | Not specified | Not specified | 4.9Â years | Not specified | Registry study |
Malat (2018) | USA | 120 | An undetectable viral load, CD4 T-cell counts ≥ 200/μL, and be on an ART regimen for at least 6 months | Not specified | 16 years | Not specified | Retrospective cohort study |