Table 1 Demographic, anthropometric and metabolic characteristics associated with late presentation

Men (n)

381 (72.5%)

319 (71.2%)

60 (82.2%)

0.59 (0.28–1.00)

0.050

Age (mean, SD)

46 (±9)

46 (±8)

43 (±10)

1.03 (1.01–1.08)

0.010

Current CD4 (n/microL) (median, IQR)

590 (441–756)

570 (423–729)

750 (589–981)

0.997 (0.996–0.998)

<0.001

Smoke

 None

318 (60.6%)

282 (62.4%)

36 (49.3%)

1 (ref.)

–

 <10 cigs (moderate)

76 (14.4%)

63 (14.0%)

13 (17.8%)

0.61 (0.31–1.23)

0.173

 >10 cigs (intense)

99 (18.9%)

84 (18.6%)

15 (20.6%)

0.71 (0.37–1.37)

0.311

 Missing

32 (6.1%)

23 (5.1%)

9 (12.3%)

Not included

BMI (kg/m²) (SD)

24.7 (±4.7)

24.7 (±4.7)

24.8 (±4.7)

0.99 (0.94–1.05)

0.891

Waist circompherence (cm) (SD)

89.1 (±12)

89.2 (±12)

88.6 (±12)

1.08 (0.98–1.03)

0.467

Lipodystrophy

 No lipodystrophy

184 (35.0%)

144 (31.9%)

40 (54.8%)

1 (ref.)

–

 Lipoatrophy

129 (24.6%)

112 (25.0%)

16 (21.9%)

1.96 (1.04–3.68)

0.036

 Fat accumulation

212 (40.4%)

195 (43.1%)

17 (23.3%)

3.18 (1.73–5.84)

<0.001

Cardiovascular and metabolic

 Triglycerides (mg/dL) (medican, IQR)

142 (95–207)

143 (96–209)

127 (93–185)

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.494

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) (mean, SD)

198 (±45)

197 (±45)

197 (±43)

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.929

 HDL (mg/dL) (mean, SD)

46 (±14)

46 (±14)

47 (±16)

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

0.645

 LDL (mg/dL) (mean, SD)

117 (±33)

117 (±33)

119 (±33)

0.99 (0.99–1.00)

0.710

 Glucose (mg/dL) (mean, SD)

94 (±19)

95 (±21)

90 (±10)

1.03 (1.01–1.05)

0.011

 HOMA (median, IQR)

2.4 (1.4–3.8)

1.9 (1.2–2.9)

1.9 (1.2–3.0)

1.29 (1.09–1.54)

0.003