Table 1 Examples of unintegrated DNAs in virus-infected cells and their fates

Avian sarcoma virus

QT-6

5 hpi

Closed circular DNA

[34]

MLV

NIH 3T3, TE671, ARPE-19

1 × 10⁶ cells

2 hpi

qPCR

2-LTR

[16]

HIV-1

MT-2

5 × 10⁵ cells

2 hpi

PCR and Southern hybridization

1-LTR

[31]

12 hpi

2-LTR

Monocyte

1 × 10⁶ cells

2 hpi

PCR and Southern hybridization

1-LTR

12 hpi

2-LTR

Macrophage

3 × 10⁵ cells

4 dpi

qPCR

2-LTR

30–35 copies/100cells

[45]

21 dpi

6 copies/100cells

CD4+ T lymphocytes

3 × 10⁵ cells

4 dpi

2-LTR

11 copies/100cells

14 dpi

X

Jurkat

1 × 10⁷

3 dpt

2-LTR

8.97%

[36]

1-LTR

46.21%

293T

2-LTR

5.42%

1-LTR

40.16%

SupT1 (lymphoid cells)

5 × 10⁶ cells

15 hpi

2-LTR

0.01 copy/cell

[46]

12 hpi

40 copies/cells