Table 2 Binary and multiple logistic regressions showing determinants of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care, among PLWHA receiving HIV care, Southern Tigray zone, Northern Ethiopia, 2014
Determinants/factors | Presentation to HIV care | COR (95 % CI) | AOR (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases (%) | Control (%) | |||
Year of presentation | ||||
Before 2008 | 37 (25.2) | 46 (17.3) | 1 | 1 |
2009–2010 | 62 (42.2) | 65 (24.4) | 1.2 (0.681–2.06) | 0.76 (0.33–1.73) |
2011–2012 | 27 (18.4) | 65 (24.4) | 0.51 (0.277–0.963) | 0.31 (0.12–0.77)** |
2013–2014 | 21 (14.3) | 90 (33.8) | 0.29 (0.153–0.552) | 0.14 (0.05–0.37)** |
Age category | ||||
18–24 | 19 (12.9) | 63 (23.7) | 1 | 1 |
25–29 | 35 (23.8) | 48 (18) | 2.4 (1.23–4.73) | 3.0 (1.15–8.12)* |
30–34 | 36 (24.5) | 58 (21.8) | 2.0 (1.06–3.98) | 1.4 (0.52–3.65) |
35–39 | 28 (19) | 32 (12) | 2.9 (1.41–5.96) | 4.1 (1.35–12.46)* |
40–44 | 16 (10.88) | 32 (12) | 1.7 (0.75–3.65) | 1.1 (0.34–3.71) |
45+ | 13 (8.8) | 33 (12.4) | 1.3 (0.62–3.29) | 1.3 (0.37–4.23) |
No. of life time sexual partners | ||||
None | 4 (2.7) | 28 (10.5) | 1 | 1 |
One | 49 (33.3) | 77 (28.9) | 4.4 (1.47–13.47) | 4.0 (0.86–18.59) |
Two | 46 (31.3) | 98 (36.8) | 3.3 (1.08–9.9) | 6.0 (1.28–28.02)* |
More than two | 48 (32.7) | 61 (22.9) | 5.5 (1.80–16.7) | 5.2 (1.08–24.76)* |
Presence of HIV infected HH member | ||||
Yes | 16 (10.9) | 51 (34.7) | 1 | |
No | 131 (89.1) | 215 (65.3) | 1.9 (1.06–3.54) | |
Presence of HIV care attendee | ||||
Yes | 14 (9.5) | 44 (16.5) | 1 | |
No | 133 (90.5) | 222 (83.5) | 1.8 (1.1–3.56) | |
Witnessed stigma | ||||
Low stigma | 91 (61.9) | 184 (69.2) | ||
High stigma | 56 (38.1) | 82 (30.8) | 1.4 (0.90–2.10) | |
Depression | ||||
Not depressed | 56 (38.1) | 154 (57.9) | 1 | |
Depressed | 91 (61.9) | 112 (42.1) | 2.2 (1.47–3.37) | |
Level of social support | ||||
Poor social support | 103 (70) | 95 (35.7) | 4.2 (2.73–6.49) | 2.3 (1.26–4.30)* |
Good social support | 44 (30) | 171 (64.3) | 1 | 1 |
Wealth quintile (SES) | ||||
Lowest | 40 (27.2) | 42 (15.8) | 3.2 (1.63–6.37) | 1.05 (0.38–2.83) |
Second | 39 (20.4) | 47 (17.7) | 2.8 (1.43–5.52) | 3.3 (1.31–8.46)* |
Third | 24 (16.3) | 57 (21.4) | 1.4 (0.70–2.90) | 0.8 (0.27–2.31) |
Fourth | 26 (17.7) | 59 (22.2) | 1.5 (0.74–3.0) | 1.1 (0.44–2.82) |
Highest | 18 (12.2) | 61 (22.9) | 1 | 1 |
Disclosure to partner | ||||
Yes | 26 (35.6) | 72 (59) | 1 | 1 |
No | 47 (64.4) | 50 (41) | 2.6 (1.43–4.74) | 2.0 (1.05–4.14)* |
HIV support groups in community | ||||
Yes | 70 (47.6) | 150 (56.4) | 0.70 (0.47–1.05) | |
No | 77 (52.4) | 116 (43.6) | 1 | |
Diet and life style change for positive result | ||||
Yes | 49 (33.3) | 122 (45.9) | 0.59 (0.39–0.89) | 0.45 (0.24–0.87)* |
No | 98 (66.6) | 144 (54.1) | 1 | 1 |
Desire to protect family | ||||
Yes | 23 (15.6) | 126 (43.4) | 0.20 (0.12–0.34) | 0.19 (0.09–0.37)** |
No | 124 (84.4) | 140 (52.6) | 1 | 1 |
To know CD4 count | ||||
Yes | 5 (3.4) | 33 (12.4) | 0.25 (0.095–0.65) | 0.37 (0.09–1.43) |
No | 142 (96.6) | 233 (87.6) | 1 | 1 |
Severity of illness | ||||
Yes | 89 (60.5) | 66 (24.8) | 4.7 (3.01–7.16) | 4.3 (2.26–8.0)** |
No | 58 (39.5) | 200 (75.2) | 1 | 1 |
Fear of stigma | ||||
Yes | 94 (63) | 65 (24.5) | 5.5 (3.5–8.5) | 4.4 (2.2–8.3)** |
No | 53 (37) | 201 (75.5) | 1 | 1 |
Fear of disclosure | ||||
Yes | 60 (40.8) | 40 (15) | 3.9 (2.43–6.23) | 2.0 (0.99–4.32) |
No | 87 (59.2) | 226 (84.9) | 1 | 1 |
Fear of losing job/income source | ||||
Yes | 27 (18.4) | 6(2.3) | 9.8 (3.92–24.2) | 6.8 (1.8–24.54)* |
No | 120 (81.6) | 260 (97.7) | 1 | 1 |