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Table 5 Mixed effects linear regression of monthly prevalence (per 1000) and calendar time (months) adjusted for fixed effects (age, sex and clinic) and random effects (monthly clustering)

From: Trends in prevalence of diarrhoea, Kaposi’s sarcoma, bacterial pneumonia, malaria and geohelminths among HIV positive individuals in Uganda

 

Diarrhoea < 1 month1 β (95 % CI) [p-value)

Malaria2 β (95 % CI) [p-value)

Geohelminths3 β (95 % CI) [p-value)

Bacterial Pneumonia4 β (95 % CI) [p-value)

Kaposis sarcoma5 β (95 % CI) [p-value)

Time*

−0.017

−0.018

−0.003

−0.01

0.004

(−0.0172 to −0.0168)

(−0.018 to −0.017)

(−0.003 to −0.002)

(−0.01 to −0.01)

(0.0006 to to.007

[<0.001]

[<0.001]

[<0.001]

[<0.001]

[0.020]

Sex

     

Female

1

1

1

1

1

Male

0 .0026

−0.061

−0.002

0.004

−0.08

 

(−0.018 to 0.013) [0.743]

(−0.11 to −0.015) [,0.009]

(−0.019 to 0.014) [0.763]

(−0.039 to0.049) [0.845]

(−0.33 to 0.18) [0.544]

Age

     

<30 yrs

1

1

1

1

1

30-39

−0.0019

0.09

0.015

0.03

−0.26

 

(−0.017 to 0.014)

(0.05 to 0.13)

(−0.001 to 0.03)

(−0.012 to 0.072)

(−0.57 to .049)

 

[0.809]

[0.001]

[0.071]

[0.168]

[0.100]

40+

−0.0047

0.096

0.011

−0.007

−0.30

 

(−0.0134to 0.023)

(0.04to 0.15)

(−0.008 to 0.029)

(−0.06 to 0.045)

(−0.70 to 0.11)

 

[0.612]

[<0.001]

[0.269]

[0.789]

[0.148]

HIV clinic

     

Tororo

1

1

1

1

1

Mulago

−0.072

0.056

0.016

0.026

−0.014

 

(−0.09 to −0.05)

(0.02to 0.13)

(−0.002 to 0.035)

(−0.024to 0.077)

(−0.29 to 0.26)

 

[<0.001]

[0.129]

[0.083]

[0.306]

[0.920]

Mbarara

−0.033

0.43

0.022

0.018

0.12

 

(−0.08 to −0.017)

(0.37 to 0.49)

(0.006 to 0.039)

(−0.037to 0.073)

(−0.17 to 0.42)

[0.001]

[,0.001]

[0.009]

[0.518]

[0.404]

Constant (β 0 )

4.7

3.8

4.3

3.4

0.64

 

(4.6 to 4.8)

(3.7to 3.9)

(4.2 to 4.3)

(3.3 to 3.5)

(0.27 to 1.03)

 

[<0.001]

[<0.001]

[<0.001]

[<0.001]

(0.001)

Month

     

δ2 μ

0.0063

0.007

0.0016

0.017

0.044

(95 % CI)

(0.0028 to 0.014)

(0.003 to 0.019

(0007to 0.004)

(0.007 to 0.040)

(0.008 to 0.22)

[SE]

[0.003]

[0.003]

[0.0007]

[0.007]

[0.036]

δ2 ε

0.071

0.26

0.087

0.179

0.32

(95 % CI)

(0.069 to 0.074)

(0.25 to 0.28)

(0.084 to 0.09)

(0.17 to 0.19)

(0.23 to 0.42)

[SE]

[0.001]

[0.007]

[0.0014]

[0.006]

[0.048]

  1. *Time =144 months, β = beta coefficient, SE = standard error, CI = confidence interval, δ2 ε = Residual variance
  2. δ2 μ = random effect monthly variance
  3. 1Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Diarrhoea (<1 month)
  4. 2Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Malaria
  5. 3Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Geohelminths
  6. 4Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Bacterial Pneumonia
  7. 5Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Kaposis sarcoma
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AIDS Research and Therapy

ISSN: 1742-6405

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