Table 2 Factors associated with adherence to ART in literature reports from Cameroon

Patient variables

 Female gender

Rougemont et al. (↑)

 Age>49 years

Newman et al.* (↑); Freeman et al.**(↑)

 High monthly income

Rougemont et al. (↓); Boyer et al. ([28] ; ↑)

 Education

Freeman et al. (↑)*

 Binge drinking

Boyer et al. ([32] ; ↓); Roux et al. (↓); Newman et al.(↓)*

 Drug use

Freeman et al.(↓)*

 Tobacco use

Freeman et al.(↓)*

 Lack of family support for adherence

Boyer et al. ([32]; ↓);

 Experiencing discrimination and stigma

Boyer et al. ([32]; ↓);

 Positive perception of treatment

Roux et al. (↑)

 Being transferred-in to HIV clinic

Mbopi-Keou (↑)

Medication variables

 Switching regimen

Boyer et al. ([32]; ↓);

 High motivation

Roux et al.(↑)

 Using a reminder method

Roux et al.(↑)

Patient Provider Relationship

 Satisfaction with information provided by physician

Roux et al.(↑)

Disease characteristics

 Advanced stage of disease

Rougemont et al. (↓); Roux et al.(↑)

 Increased duration on medication

Roux et al.(↓); Freeman et al.(↑)*Mbopi-Keou (↑)

 Higher CD4^¥ count at initiation of ART ^β

Mbopi-Keou (↑)

Health System/clinic Characteristics

 Cost of care/Having to pay for care

Mosoko et al.(↓), Boyer et al. ([32] ; ↓) ; Boyer et al. ([28] ; ↓) Laurent et al. (↓)

 Increased distance from clinic

Mosoko et al. (↓)

 Large hospital size

Boyer et al. ([32]; ↓);

 No task shifting from physician to other staff

Boyer et al. ([32]; ↓);